Suciyanti Dini, Kolopaking Risatianti, Mustafa Annasari, Iwan Sugeng, Witjaksono Fiastuti, Fahmida Umi
Southeast Asian Ministers of Education Organization Regional Center for Food and Nutrition (SEAMEO RECFON), Pusat Kajian Gizi Regional Universitas Indonesia, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Indonesia - Dr. Cipto Mangunkusumo General Hospital, Jakarta, Indonesia.
Nutr J. 2025 Jan 24;24(1):13. doi: 10.1186/s12937-024-01061-w.
FAO/WHO introduced food-based dietary guidelines (FBDG) to promote healthy dietary habits. To translate the FBDG, optimized food-based recommendations (FBR) can be developed using linear programming (LP) to address problem nutrients. Despite the importance of local-specific FBR for anemia prevention, no study has reported the effect of nutrition education which promoted FBR in adolescent girls. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the effect of optimized FBR in adolescent girls in improving dietary and nutrient intakes, hemoglobin levels, and memory performance.
The intervention study was carried out in Malang District, Indonesia amongst 14-18 year adolescent girls. The study's Indonesian slogan was Remaja which meant Active, Healthy, Smart, and Creative adolescents. The optimized FBR was developed using LP and translated into six key messages. Twenty-week nutrition education was integrated into the weekly school's system.
After 20 weeks, a significant increase in dietary practices (animal protein, liver, plant protein, vegetables), nutrient intakes (protein, fat, iron), and memory performance (digit span forward and backward) were found in the intervention group. In contrast, there was decreases in the control group's intakes of animal and plant protein.
This finding shows that nutrition education with optimized FBR increased intakes of nutrient-dense food, protein, fat, iron, and memory performance (concentration). Nutrition education with optimized FBR should be integrated into the school system together with weekly iron supplementation for anemia prevention among these adolescent girls.
The study was registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (ID No: NCT03946475).
粮农组织/世界卫生组织推出了基于食物的膳食指南（FBDG），以促进健康的饮食习惯。为了翻译FBDG，可以使用线性规划（LP）制定优化的基于食物的建议（FBR），以解决关键营养素问题。尽管针对预防贫血的当地特定FBR很重要，但尚无研究报告营养教育对促进青春期女孩FBR的效果。因此，本研究旨在调查优化的FBR对青春期女孩改善饮食和营养摄入、血红蛋白水平及记忆表现的影响。
干预研究在印度尼西亚马朗区14至18岁的青春期女孩中进行。该研究的印尼语口号是“Remaja”，意为积极、健康、聪明和有创造力的青少年。使用LP制定优化的FBR，并将其转化为六条关键信息。将为期二十周的营养教育纳入每周的学校体系。
20周后，干预组的饮食习惯（动物蛋白、肝脏、植物蛋白、蔬菜）、营养摄入（蛋白质、脂肪、铁）和记忆表现（顺背和倒背数字广度）显著增加。相比之下，对照组的动物和植物蛋白摄入量有所下降。
这一发现表明，采用优化FBR的营养教育增加了营养丰富食物、蛋白质、脂肪、铁的摄入量以及记忆表现（注意力）。应将采用优化FBR的营养教育与每周补铁相结合，纳入学校体系，以预防这些青春期女孩的贫血。
该研究已在ClinicalTrials.gov上注册（注册号：NCT03946475）。
