Zhang Xiang, Ding Zhijie, Yan Yong, Yang Weiming, Ai Xiaoming, Zhou Yongping
Department of General Surgery, Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital, No.68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214001, Jiangsu, China.
Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, The Affiliated Wuxi No.2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, No.68 Zhongshan Road, Wuxi, 214001, Jiangsu, China.
J Health Popul Nutr. 2025 Jan 24;44(1):18. doi: 10.1186/s41043-025-00755-z.
The present study explored the association between biological aging (BA), healthy eating index-2015 (HEI-2015) and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in the general population of the United States.
We used data from the NHANES database between 2017-2018 years to conduct the study. Weighted multivariable logistic regression analysis, restricted cubic spline (RCS), and subgroup analysis were performed to analyze the association of BA and HEI-2015 with prevalence of NAFLD and the mediation effect of HEI-2015 was also discussed. Additionally, generalized additive model was conducted to investigate the association of BA and HEI-2015 with ZJU index, BARD score, and NAFLD fibrosis score.
There was a total of 2,421 individuals. RCS shown that BA was positively correlated with prevalence of NAFLD, while HEI-2015 was negative correlated with NAFLD risk. After adjusting for interfering factors, compared with the lowest quartiles of BA and HEI-2015, the odds ratios with 95% confidence intervals for NAFLD across the quartiles were (1.24 (0.84, 1.84), 2.07 (1.15, 3.73) and 2.49 (1.16, 5.38)) and (0.89 (0.66, 1.18), 0.87 (0.65, 1.16) and 0.64 (0.46, 0.87)), respectively. The BA was linear positive with ZJU index, BARD score and NAFLD fibrosis score. However, the linear negative correlation existed between HEI-2015 and ZJU index, BARD score and NAFLD fibrosis score. Mediation analysis showed that the positive correlation between BA and NAFLD could be mediated and weakened by HEI-2015.
The prevalence of NAFLD gradually increases with BA, but this positive association can be weakened by the healthy diet.
本研究探讨了美国普通人群中生物衰老（BA）、2015年健康饮食指数（HEI - 2015）与非酒精性脂肪性肝病（NAFLD）之间的关联。
我们使用了2017 - 2018年美国国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES）数据库中的数据进行研究。进行加权多变量逻辑回归分析、限制性立方样条（RCS）分析和亚组分析，以分析BA和HEI - 2015与NAFLD患病率的关联，并讨论HEI - 2015的中介作用。此外，采用广义相加模型研究BA和HEI - 2015与浙江大学（ZJU）指数、BARD评分和NAFLD纤维化评分的关联。
共有2421名个体。RCS分析显示，BA与NAFLD患病率呈正相关，而HEI - 2015与NAFLD风险呈负相关。在调整干扰因素后，与BA和HEI - 2015的最低四分位数相比，各四分位数中NAFLD的比值比及其95%置信区间分别为（1.24（0.84，1.84）、2.07（1.15，3.73）和2.49（1.16，5.38））以及（0.89（0.66，1.18）、0.87（0.65，1.16）和0.64（0.46，0.87））。BA与ZJU指数、BARD评分和NAFLD纤维化评分呈线性正相关。然而，HEI - 2015与ZJU指数、BARD评分和NAFLD纤维化评分呈线性负相关。中介分析表明，HEI - 2015可介导并减弱BA与NAFLD之间的正相关。
NAFLD的患病率随BA逐渐增加，但这种正相关可通过健康饮食得到减弱。
