Giakoni-Ramírez Frano, Souza-Lima Josivaldo de, Muñoz-Strale Catalina, Hasche-Zunino Nicolás, Sepúlveda-Barría Constanza, Godoy-Cumillaf Andrés
Facultad de Educación y Ciencias Sociales, Instituto del Deporte y Bienestar, Universidad Andres Bello, Las Condes 7550000, Chile.
Grupo de Investigación en Educación Física, Salud y Calidad de Vida (EFISAL), Facultad de Educación, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 4780000, Chile.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2024 Dec 30;22(1):33. doi: 10.3390/ijerph22010033.
(1) Background: Aging is associated with a progressive decline in physical capacity, which is further exacerbated by conditions such as arthritis and chronic joint pain. This study aimed to compare the effects of aquatic and land-based exercise on the functional fitness of older adult women. (2) Methods: Sixty older women (mean age 66.9 ± 3.8 years) participated in this study, divided into two groups: aquatic exercise and land-based exercise. Both groups completed functional fitness tests, including flexibility (Back Scratch and Chair Sit-and-Reach Tests), lower body strength (Chair Stand Test), and dynamic balance (8-Foot Up-and-Go Test). Statistical analyses compared group performance. (3) Results: Improvements in flexibility were observed in the aquatic group, with trends toward significance for the Back Scratch Test (-0.2 ± 1.0 cm vs. -2.0 ± 0.0 cm, = 0.08) and the Chair Sit-and-Reach Test (2.87 ± 2.0 cm vs. 0.27 ± 1.0 cm, = 0.07). No statistically significant differences were observed between the groups in measures of lower body strength (Chair Stand Test: 19.1 ± 4.47 reps vs. 18.97 ± 3.77 reps, = 0.9) or dynamic balance (8-Foot Up-and-Go Test: 6.28 ± 6.2 s vs. 6.03 ± 5.83 s, = 0.07). (4) Conclusions: Aquatic exercise showed greater improvements in flexibility, particularly in the upper and lower body, although these differences did not reach statistical significance. Both training modalities were equally effective in maintaining lower body strength and dynamic balance in older adult women. These findings support the inclusion of tailored exercise programs in aging populations to address specific functional needs.
(1) 背景：衰老与身体机能的逐渐衰退相关，而关节炎和慢性关节疼痛等状况会进一步加剧这种衰退。本研究旨在比较水上运动和陆上运动对老年女性功能体能的影响。(2) 方法：60名老年女性（平均年龄66.9±3.8岁）参与了本研究，分为两组：水上运动组和陆上运动组。两组均完成了功能体能测试，包括柔韧性（背部抓挠和椅子坐立前屈测试）、下肢力量（椅子站立测试）和动态平衡（8英尺起走测试）。统计分析比较了两组的表现。(3) 结果：水上运动组的柔韧性有改善，背部抓挠测试（-0.2±1.0厘米对-2.0±0.0厘米，P=0.08）和椅子坐立前屈测试（2.87±2.0厘米对0.27±1.0厘米，P=0.07）有显著趋势。两组在下肢力量（椅子站立测试：19.1±4.47次对18.97±3.77次，P=0.9）或动态平衡（8英尺起走测试：6.28±6.2秒对6.03±5.83秒，P=0.07）的测量上未观察到统计学显著差异。(4) 结论：水上运动在柔韧性方面有更大改善，尤其是在上半身和下半身，尽管这些差异未达到统计学显著性。两种训练方式在维持老年女性下肢力量和动态平衡方面同样有效。这些发现支持在老年人群中纳入量身定制的运动计划以满足特定功能需求。
