Jesus Jeniffer, Ambrósio João, Meira Dália, Rodriguez-Uña Ignácio, Beirão João Melo
Unidade Local de Saúde de Entre o Douro e Vouga, 4520-211 Santa Maria da Feira, Portugal.
Unidade Local de Saúde de Gaia e Espinho, 4434-502 Vila Nova de Gaia, Portugal.
Biomedicines. 2025 Jan 7;13(1):116. doi: 10.3390/biomedicines13010116.
Glaucoma is one of the leading causes of permanent vision loss worldwide and has a profound impact on patients' quality of life. Vision impairment is strongly associated with several psychiatric disorders, like depression, anxiety, and sleep problems. These psychiatric issues are often exacerbated by the gradual, irreversible, and typically silent progression of the disease, contributing to increased mental health challenges for affected individuals. A systematic review was conducted following PRISMA guidelines across six different databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Scopus, and the Cochrane Library) and one gray literature source (Google Scholar), covering the period from 2013 to 2024. Twenty-nine studies involving a total of 13,326,845 subjects were included in the synthesis, highlighting a considerable prevalence of psychiatric disorders among glaucoma patients. Depression and anxiety were the most common conditions identified, with depression rates ranging from 6.6% to 57% and anxiety from 12.11% to 49%. Other less frequent but still significant conditions like sleep disorders, psychosis, dementia, and post-traumatic stress disorder were also observed. The findings also indicated that psychiatric severity was influenced by socio-demographic factors, glaucoma severity, and treatment duration. Given the high occurrence of psychiatric pathologies among individuals with glaucoma, it is essential to develop comprehensive care strategies that address both eye and mental health needs. Multidisciplinary collaboration among ophthalmologists, psychiatrists, psychologists, and primary care physicians is crucial for developing personalized treatment plans that effectively manage both the ocular and psychological aspects of the disease.
青光眼是全球永久性视力丧失的主要原因之一，对患者的生活质量产生深远影响。视力损害与多种精神疾病密切相关，如抑郁症、焦虑症和睡眠问题。这些精神问题往往因疾病的渐进性、不可逆性和通常无症状的进展而加剧，给受影响的个体带来了更多的心理健康挑战。按照PRISMA指南，在六个不同的数据库（CINAHL、MEDLINE、PsycINFO、科学网、Scopus和Cochrane图书馆）和一个灰色文献来源（谷歌学术）中进行了一项系统综述，涵盖2013年至2024年期间。纳入综述的29项研究共涉及13326845名受试者，突出了青光眼患者中精神疾病的相当高的患病率。抑郁症和焦虑症是最常见的疾病，抑郁症患病率从6.6%到57%不等，焦虑症从12.11%到49%不等。还观察到其他不太常见但仍然显著的疾病，如睡眠障碍、精神病、痴呆症和创伤后应激障碍。研究结果还表明，精神疾病的严重程度受社会人口统计学因素、青光眼严重程度和治疗持续时间的影响。鉴于青光眼患者中精神疾病的高发生率，制定全面的护理策略以满足眼部和心理健康需求至关重要。眼科医生、精神科医生、心理学家和初级保健医生之间的多学科合作对于制定有效管理疾病眼部和心理方面的个性化治疗计划至关重要。
