Division of Ophthalmology Informatics and Data Science, Viterbi Family Department of Ophthalmology and Shiley Eye Institute, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Division of Biomedical Informatics, Department of Medicine, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, CA, USA.
Transl Vis Sci Technol. 2023 Dec 1;12(12):23. doi: 10.1167/tvst.12.12.23.
To understand differences in measures of depression, stress, and social support by gender among those diagnosed with glaucoma.
We obtained a cohort of glaucoma patients (any type) ages 18 years and over who answered the COVID-19 Participant Experience (COPE) survey of the NIH All of Us Research Program. We analyzed several measures of depression, stress, and social support by gender. Logistic regression was used to evaluate the association among reported stress associated with social distancing, depression (using Patient Health Questionnaire-9 [PHQ-9] scores), and measures of social support by self-reported gender, with men as the reference group. Multivariable models were adjusted for age, race and ethnicity, health insurance status, education, and income.
Of 3633 glaucoma patients, 56.8% were women. Many patients had a PHQ-9 score > 4 (33.3%), indicating mild, moderate, or severe depression. In multivariable models, women were significantly more likely to report a PHQ-9 score > 4 (odds ratio [OR] = 1.40; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.20-1.62; P < 0.001) and some or a lot of stress (OR = 1.34; 95% CI, 1.14-1.57; P < 0.001) compared with men. Further, women were significantly less likely to report having help all or most of the time if they needed someone to prepare meals (OR = 0.78; 95% CI, 0.67-0.92; P = 0.002) or perform daily chores (OR = 0.79; 95% CI, 0.67-0.91; P = 0.003) than men.
Women with glaucoma were more likely to experience depression and stress and were less likely to have social support on some measures than men.
The disproportionate burden of psychosocial factors among women may complicate glaucoma management.
了解在被诊断患有青光眼的人群中，性别差异对抑郁、压力和社会支持的衡量标准的影响。
我们获取了参加 NIH All of Us 研究计划 COVID-19 参与者体验（COPE）调查的 18 岁及以上青光眼患者队列。我们分析了几项按性别划分的抑郁、压力和社会支持指标。采用逻辑回归评估了与社交隔离相关的报告压力、抑郁（使用患者健康问卷-9 [PHQ-9] 评分）以及自我报告性别划分的社会支持指标之间的关联，男性作为参照组。多变量模型调整了年龄、种族和民族、医疗保险状况、教育程度和收入。
在 3633 名青光眼患者中，56.8%为女性。许多患者的 PHQ-9 评分＞4（33.3%），表明有轻度、中度或重度抑郁。在多变量模型中，女性报告 PHQ-9 评分＞4（比值比 [OR] = 1.40；95%置信区间 [CI]，1.20-1.62；P＜0.001）和有些或很多压力（OR = 1.34；95% CI，1.14-1.57；P＜0.001）的可能性明显高于男性。此外，如果女性需要有人准备饭菜（OR = 0.78；95% CI，0.67-0.92；P = 0.002）或做日常家务（OR = 0.79；95% CI，0.67-0.91；P = 0.003），那么与男性相比，她们报告获得帮助的可能性明显较小。
与男性相比，患有青光眼的女性更有可能出现抑郁和压力，并且在某些方面获得社会支持的可能性较小。
袁思雨
