Janovskiene Audra, Chomicius Deividas, Afanasjevas Dominykas, Petronis Zygimantas, Razukevicius Dainius, Jagelaviciene Egle
Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Street 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Faculty of Odontology, Lithuanian University of Health Sciences, Eiveniu Street 2, 50161 Kaunas, Lithuania.
Medicina (Kaunas). 2024 Dec 27;61(1):25. doi: 10.3390/medicina61010025.
: The history of facial fillers is very broad, ranging from the use of various materials to modern technologies. Although procedures are considered safe, complications such as skin inflammation, infection, necrosis, or swelling may occur. It is crucial for specialists to be adequately prepared, inform patients how to prepare for corrective procedures, adhere to high safety standards, and continually educate. The goal of this systematic review is to identify complications arising during facial wrinkle correction procedures, as well as to explore safety and potential prevention strategies. : The review of the scientific literature followed the PRISMA guidelines. The search was performed in a single scientific database: PubMed. Considering predefined inclusion and exclusion criteria, articles evaluating the safety of dermal fillers used for facial wrinkle correction, complications, and treatment outcomes were selected. The chosen articles were published from 15 February 2019 to 15 February 2024 (last search date: 25 February 2024). The selected articles compared the complications, product safety, and result longevity of various dermal fillers used for facial wrinkle correction. : In thirty-eight articles, which involved 3967 participants, a total of 8795 complications were reported. The majority of complications occurred after injections into the chin and surrounding area (n = 2852). Others were reported in lips and the surrounding area (n = 1911) and cheeks and the surrounding area (n = 1077). Out of the 8795 complications, 1076 were adverse events (AE), including two severe AE cases: mild skin necrosis (n = 1) and abscess (n = 1). There were no cases of vascular occlusion, visual impairment, or deaths related to the performed procedures. A total of 7719 injection site reactions were classified as mild or temporary, such as swelling (n = 1184), sensitivity (n = 1145), pain (n = 1064), bleeding (n = 969), hardening/stiffness (n = 888), nodules/irregularities (n = 849), and erythema (redness) (n = 785). : Facial wrinkle correction procedures are generally safe and effective and the results can last from 6 to 24 months, depending on the dermal filler material and its components used. The most common complications after dermal filler injection usually resolve spontaneously, but if they persist, various pharmacological treatment methods can be used according to the condition, and surgical intervention is generally not required.
面部填充剂的历史非常悠久，涵盖了从各种材料的使用到现代技术的发展。尽管这些操作被认为是安全的，但仍可能出现皮肤炎症、感染、坏死或肿胀等并发症。对于专家来说，充分准备、告知患者如何为矫正手术做准备、遵守高安全标准并持续进行教育至关重要。本系统评价的目的是识别面部皱纹矫正手术过程中出现的并发症，并探索安全性和潜在的预防策略。
对科学文献的回顾遵循PRISMA指南。检索在单一科学数据库PubMed中进行。根据预先定义的纳入和排除标准，选择评估用于面部皱纹矫正的真皮填充剂的安全性、并发症和治疗结果的文章。所选文章发表于2019年2月15日至2024年2月15日（最后检索日期：2024年2月25日）。所选文章比较了用于面部皱纹矫正的各种真皮填充剂的并发症、产品安全性和效果持久性。
在38篇涉及3967名参与者的文章中，共报告了8795例并发症。大多数并发症发生在下巴及周围区域注射后（n = 2852）。其他并发症报告于嘴唇及周围区域（n = 1911）和脸颊及周围区域（n = 1077）。在8795例并发症中，1076例为不良事件（AE），包括2例严重AE病例：轻度皮肤坏死（n = 1）和脓肿（n = 1）。没有与所进行的手术相关的血管闭塞、视力损害或死亡病例。共有7719例注射部位反应被归类为轻度或暂时性，如肿胀（n = 1184）、敏感（n = 1145）、疼痛（n = 1064）、出血（n = 969）、硬化/僵硬（n = 888）、结节/不平整（n = 849）和红斑（发红）（n = 785）。
面部皱纹矫正手术通常是安全有效的，根据所使用的真皮填充剂材料及其成分不同，效果可持续6至24个月。真皮填充剂注射后最常见的并发症通常会自行缓解，但如果持续存在，可根据具体情况采用各种药物治疗方法，一般不需要手术干预。
