Dos Santos Carlucio Rocha, Santos Caleb Guedes Miranda Dos, Couto-Lima Dinair, Souza Bárbara Silva, Rahman Rafi Ur, Dornelas Ribeiro Marcos, Lima José Bento Pereira, Martins Ademir Jesus
Laboratório de Biologia, Controlee Vigilância de InsetosVetores, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, FIOCRUZ, Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, RJ, Brazil.
Instituto de Biologia do Exército, Divisão de Ensino e Pesquisa, Rio de Janeiro 20911-270, RJ, Brazil.
Insects. 2024 Dec 31;16(1):33. doi: 10.3390/insects16010033.
Yellow fever (YF) is an acute hemorrhagic disease endemic to Africa and Latin America; however, no cases have been reported in Asian regions with high infestation. Factors such as environmental conditions and genetic variations in the yellow fever virus (YFV) strains and mosquito populations may explain this absence. Mosquito populations have undergone strong selective pressure owing to the excessive use of insecticides. This pressure has led to the spread of alterations, such as knockdown-resistant mutations (), which, while conferring resistance to pyrethroids, also induce various physiological side effects in the insect. Therefore, it is important to investigate whether the presence of mutations influences the infectivity of YFV mosquitoes. This study evaluated the susceptibility of . from Pakistan with distinct genotypes to different YFV strains under laboratory conditions.
. from a Pakistani colony were exposed to YFV strains (PR4408/2008 and ES504/2017) along with the Rockefeller strain. After 14 days, RNA and DNA were extracted for viral RNA detection (qPCR) and genotyping (TaqMan qPCR and HRM for T1520I and F1534C SNPs).
Pakistani . were orally susceptible to YFV, with infection rates of 83.7% (PR4408/2008) and 61.3% (ES504), respectively, similar to Rockefeller. Two kdr genotypes (II + CC and TI + FC) were identified, with no significant differences in viral infection or dissemination rates.
The . population from Asia is capable of YFV infection and dissemination, regardless of genotype.
黄热病（YF）是一种在非洲和拉丁美洲流行的急性出血性疾病；然而，在蚊虫高度密集的亚洲地区尚未有病例报告。环境条件、黄热病毒（YFV）毒株的基因变异以及蚊虫种群等因素可能解释了这种情况的不存在。由于过度使用杀虫剂，蚊虫种群承受了强大的选择压力。这种压力导致了诸如击倒抗性突变（）等变异的传播，这些变异虽然赋予了对拟除虫菊酯的抗性，但也在昆虫体内诱发了各种生理副作用。因此，研究这些突变的存在是否会影响YFV对蚊虫的感染性很重要。本研究评估了来自巴基斯坦具有不同基因型的蚊虫对不同YFV毒株在实验室条件下的易感性。
将来自巴基斯坦种群的蚊虫与洛克菲勒毒株一起暴露于YFV毒株（PR4408/2008和ES504/2017）。14天后，提取RNA和DNA用于病毒RNA检测（qPCR）和基因型分型（针对T1520I和F1534C单核苷酸多态性的TaqMan qPCR和高分辨率熔解曲线分析）。
巴基斯坦蚊虫对YFV口服易感，感染率分别为83.7%（PR4408/2008）和61.3%（ES504），与洛克菲勒毒株相似。鉴定出两种击倒抗性基因型（II + CC和TI + FC），病毒感染或传播率无显著差异。
来自亚洲的蚊虫种群能够感染和传播YFV，无论其基因型如何。
