Berlin E, Khan M A, Henderson G R, Kliman P G
Atherosclerosis. 1985 Feb;54(2):187-203. doi: 10.1016/0021-9150(85)90178-9.
Age- and sex-related differences were observed in the plasma cholesterol level, the plasma concentrations of certain lipoprotein components, and the HDL lipid phase fluidity in miniature swine from post-weaning (6 weeks) through puberty (6 months), maturity (2-6 years), and old age (10-12 years). Age effects were more dominant in the males, with VLDL protein; LDL protein, triacylglycerol, and phospholipid; and HDL triacylglycerol, phospholipid, cholesterol, and polyunsaturated fatty acids showing statistically significant negative correlations with age. These effects were not observed in females. HDL cholesterol was positively correlated with age in females. Total plasma cholesterol decreased with age in males only, but plasma triacylglycerol was not influenced by age in either sex. Higher concentrations of all lipoprotein lipids were observed in the female minipigs regardless of age. HDL lipids became less fluid with age in the males alone suggesting a physical chemical basis for the lower incidence of heart disease among females. The more fluid HDL circulating in the female may be more capable of mobilizing peripheral tissue cholesterol for catabolism thus protecting her from developing atherosclerotic lesions.
在小型猪从断奶后（6周）到青春期（6个月）、成年期（2至6岁）和老年期（10至12岁）的过程中，观察到血浆胆固醇水平、某些脂蛋白成分的血浆浓度以及高密度脂蛋白（HDL）脂质相流动性存在年龄和性别相关差异。年龄效应在雄性中更为显著，极低密度脂蛋白（VLDL）蛋白、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）蛋白、三酰甘油和磷脂，以及HDL三酰甘油、磷脂、胆固醇和多不饱和脂肪酸与年龄呈统计学显著负相关。在雌性中未观察到这些效应。雌性中HDL胆固醇与年龄呈正相关。仅雄性的总血浆胆固醇随年龄降低，但血浆三酰甘油在两性中均不受年龄影响。无论年龄如何，雌性小型猪中所有脂蛋白脂质的浓度都更高。仅在雄性中，HDL脂质随年龄变得流动性降低，这表明雌性心脏病发病率较低存在物理化学基础。雌性中循环的流动性更高的HDL可能更有能力动员外周组织胆固醇进行分解代谢，从而保护其免受动脉粥样硬化病变的影响。
