Di Febo Tiziana, Di Francesco Gabriella, Grattarola Carla, Sonsini Luigina, Di Renzo Ludovica, Lucifora Giuseppe, Puleio Roberto, Di Francesco Cristina Esmeralda, Smoglica Camilla, Di Guardo Giovanni, Tittarelli Manuela
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale dell'Abruzzo e del Molise 'G. Caporale', National Reference Center for Brucellosis, 64100 Teramo, Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale del Piemonte, Liguria e Valle d'Aosta, National Reference Center for Diagnostic Investigations in Stranded Marine Mammals (C.Re.Di.Ma.), 10154 Torino, Italy.
Pathogens. 2025 Jan 2;14(1):26. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14010026.
Rose Bengal antigen and smooth lipopolysaccharide (s-LPS) were produced from a field strain of ("homologous" antigens) and from the reference strain S99 ("heterologous" antigens); they are currently used for the diagnosis of brucellosis in cattle, water buffaloes, sheep, goats, and pigs, as recommended in the Manual of Diagnostic Tests and Vaccines for Terrestrial Animals of the World Organization for Animal Health (WOAH). "Homologous" and "heterologous" antigens were used in a rapid serum agglutination test (Rose Bengal test, RBT) and a competitive ELISA assay (c-ELISA) to test a panel of sera, blood, and other body fluids (cerebrospinal fluid, pericardial fluid, tracheal fluid, and aqueous humor) collected from 71 individuals belonging to five cetacean species (; ; ; ; and ), which were found stranded on the Italian coastline. Six animals were positive for spp. for bacterial isolation and/or PCR, and 55 animals were negative; for the remaining 10 animals, no PCR/isolation data were available. A total of 90 samples were tested. Results obtained from the two tests were compared in order to identify the most suitable antigen for the serological diagnosis of infection in cetaceans. The RBT performed with the "homologous" antigen showed the best results in comparison with the "heterologous" antigen: diagnostic sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 80.0%, 44.1%, and 46.9% for the "homologous" antigen and 80.0%, 17.0%, and 21.9% for the "heterologous" antigen. For the c-ELISA, "homologous" and "heterologous" s-LPS showed similar results (diagnostic sensitivity 66.7%, diagnostic specificity 97.3%, and diagnostic accuracy 95.0%). Therefore, the RBT using the "homologous" antigen and c-ELISA with "homologous" or "heterologous" s-LPS could be used in parallel for the detection of antibodies against spp. in cetaceans.
孟加拉玫瑰红抗原和光滑脂多糖（s-LPS）由一株野毒株（“同源”抗原）和参考菌株S99（“异源”抗原）制备；按照世界动物卫生组织（WOAH）《陆生动物诊断试验和疫苗手册》的建议，它们目前用于牛、水牛、绵羊、山羊和猪布鲁氏菌病的诊断。“同源”和“异源”抗原用于快速血清凝集试验（孟加拉玫瑰红试验，RBT）和竞争性ELISA检测（c-ELISA），以检测从71只属于5种鲸目动物（瓶鼻海豚；条纹原海豚；真海豚；宽吻海豚；和长吻真海豚）的个体采集的一组血清、血液和其他体液（脑脊液、心包液、气管液和房水），这些动物是在意大利海岸线搁浅时被发现的。6只动物经细菌分离和/或PCR检测布鲁氏菌属呈阳性，55只动物呈阴性；其余10只动物没有PCR/分离数据。总共检测了90个样本。比较两种检测方法获得的结果，以确定用于鲸目动物布鲁氏菌感染血清学诊断的最合适抗原。与“异源”抗原相比，用“同源”抗原进行的RBT显示出最佳结果：“同源”抗原的诊断敏感性、特异性和准确性分别为80.0%、44.1%和46.9%，“异源”抗原分别为80.0%、17.0%和21.9%。对于c-ELISA，“同源”和“异源”s-LPS显示出相似的结果（诊断敏感性66.7%，诊断特异性97.3%，诊断准确性95.0%）。因此，使用“同源”抗原的RBT和使用“同源”或“异源”s-LPS的c-ELISA可并行用于检测鲸目动物中抗布鲁氏菌属的抗体。
