Chen Huanhuan, Bashir Nawaz Haider, Li Qiang, Liu Chao, Naeem Muhammad, Wang Haohan, Gao Wenrong, Corlett Richard T, Liu Cong, Vidal Mayra C
College of Biological Resource and Food Engineering, Qujing Normal University, Qujing 655011, China.
Key Laboratory of Yunnan Provincial Department of Education of the Deep-Time Evolution on Biodiversity from the Origin of the Pearl River, Qujing Normal University, Qujing, 655011, China.
Pathogens. 2025 Jan 18;14(1):94. doi: 10.3390/pathogens14010094.
Bumblebees, the most important wild pollinators in both agricultural and natural ecosystems, are declining worldwide. The global decline of bumblebees may threaten biodiversity, pollination services, and, ultimately, agricultural productivity. Several factors, including pesticide usage, climate change, habitat loss, and species invasion, have been documented in the decline of bumblebee species, but recent studies have revealed the dominating role of pathogens and parasites over any of these causes. Unfortunately, there is a lack of a full understanding of the role of pathogens and parasites in the decline of bumblebee species. The current study provides a comprehensive review of how pathogens and parasites contribute to the decline of bumblebee species. The study also explores the prevalence of each pathogen and parasite within bumblebee populations. Furthermore, we address the synergistic effects of pathogens and other stressors, such as pesticides, climatic effects, and habitat loss, on bumblebee populations. To summarize, we propose possible conservation and management strategies to preserve the critical role of bumblebees in pollination services and thus to support ecosystem and agricultural health.
熊蜂是农业和自然生态系统中最重要的野生传粉者，在全球范围内数量正在减少。熊蜂在全球范围内的减少可能会威胁生物多样性、授粉服务，并最终威胁农业生产力。包括农药使用、气候变化、栖息地丧失和物种入侵在内的几个因素已被证明与熊蜂物种的减少有关，但最近的研究表明，病原体和寄生虫比任何这些因素都起着主导作用。不幸的是，人们对病原体和寄生虫在熊蜂物种减少中所起的作用缺乏全面的了解。本研究全面综述了病原体和寄生虫如何导致熊蜂物种减少。该研究还探讨了每种病原体和寄生虫在熊蜂种群中的流行情况。此外，我们还探讨了病原体与其他压力源（如农药、气候影响和栖息地丧失）对熊蜂种群的协同作用。总之，我们提出了可能的保护和管理策略，以维护熊蜂在授粉服务中的关键作用，从而支持生态系统和农业健康。
