Eğri Özlem, Güneş Feyza, Eğri Sinan
Department of Mechanical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Architecture, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60250 Tokat, Türkiye.
Institute of Graduate Studies, Bioengineering Division, Tokat Gaziosmanpaşa University, 60250 Tokat, Türkiye.
Polymers (Basel). 2025 Jan 19;17(2):240. doi: 10.3390/polym17020240.
Hernia repair is the most common surgical operation applied worldwide. Mesh prostheses are used to support weakened or damaged tissue to decrease the risk of hernia recurrence. However, the patches currently used in clinic applications have significant short-term and long-term risks. This study aimed to design, produce, and characterize a three-layered semi-resorbable composite hernia mesh using the electrospinning technique, where the upper layer (parietal side) was made of non-resorbable polypropylene (PP-Cl) fibers, the partially resorbable middle layer was made of PP-Cl and polycaprolactone (PCL) fibers, and the fully resorbable lower layer (visceral side) was made of oil-loaded polyethylene glycol (PEG) fibers. The extracellular matrix-like fibrous structure of the patches provided low density and high porosity, minimizing the risk of long-term foreign body reactions, and the hydrophilic/hydrophobic character of the surfaces and the detected swelling rates supported biocompatibility. The patches exhibited mechanical properties comparable to commercially available products. Controlled release of therapeutic oil could be achieved from the oil-integrated patches due to the dissolution of PEG in the acute process. In vitro cell culture studies with the L929 mouse fibroblast cell line revealed that the meshes do not have a cytotoxic nor a biomaterial-induced necrotic effect that will induce apoptosis of the cells. The visceral side of the meshes exhibited non-adherence of cell-like structures to the surface due to the dissolution of PEG. The composite hernia patches were concluded to reduce the risk of adhering to internal organs in the hernia area, have the potential to be used in in vivo biomedical applications, and will support the search for an ideal hernia mesh that can be used in the treatment of abdominal hernias.
疝气修补术是全球应用最广泛的外科手术。网状假体用于支撑薄弱或受损的组织，以降低疝气复发的风险。然而，目前临床应用中使用的补片存在重大的短期和长期风险。本研究旨在利用静电纺丝技术设计、生产和表征一种三层半可吸收复合疝气补片，其中上层（壁层侧）由不可吸收的聚丙烯（PP-Cl）纤维制成，部分可吸收的中间层由PP-Cl和聚己内酯（PCL）纤维制成，完全可吸收的下层（脏层侧）由负载油的聚乙二醇（PEG）纤维制成。补片的细胞外基质样纤维结构提供了低密度和高孔隙率，将长期异物反应的风险降至最低，表面的亲水/疏水特性和检测到的肿胀率支持生物相容性。这些补片表现出与市售产品相当的机械性能。由于PEG在急性过程中的溶解，含油补片可实现治疗性油的控释。用L929小鼠成纤维细胞系进行的体外细胞培养研究表明，这些补片既没有细胞毒性，也没有生物材料诱导的坏死效应，不会诱导细胞凋亡。由于PEG的溶解，补片的脏层侧表现出细胞样结构不粘附于表面。结论是，这种复合疝气补片可降低在疝气区域与内部器官粘连的风险，有潜力用于体内生物医学应用，并将有助于寻找可用于治疗腹疝的理想疝气补片。
