Stevens Harry, Graham Catherine Anna-Marie, Concas Maria Pina, Piluso Francesco, Mavrommatis Yiannis, King Alexandra, Pilic Leta, Gasparini Paolo
Department of Medical Sciences, University of Trieste, 34100 Trieste, Italy.
Lake Lucerne Institute, 6354 Vitznau, Switzerland.
Nutrients. 2025 Jan 17;17(2):329. doi: 10.3390/nu17020329.
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVES: The SNP has previously been associated with sweet taste, diet, and health status, although never comprehensively in a single study. Also, associations between and sweet taste might be body mass index (BMI)-dependent. Therefore, this study aimed to conduct a comprehensive investigation of and sweet taste intensity and liking, food liking, and diet and health status whilst considering BMI.
Five-hundred and fifty-four participants were recruited. Linear regression models were used to explore associations with sweet taste intensity and liking, food liking, and diet and health status. A secondary analysis stratified participants by BMI <25/≥25 kg/m.
The wildtype was associated with increased sweet taste intensity ( = 0.0345, B 1.29, SE 0.61) and liking ( = 0.021, B 0.25, SE 0.11). However, these associations only remained in BMI ≥25 individuals (intensity: = 0.037, B 1.29, SE 0.61, liking: = 0.008, B 0.46, SE 0.17). It was also associated with decreased diet quality ( = 0.03, B -0.27, SE 0.13) and reduced free sugar consumption but increased saturated fat consumption in BMI ≥25 individuals (free sugars: = 0.0416, B -0.8, SE 0.38, saturated fat: = 0.031, B 1.38, SE 0.62). There was no association with the mean liking score for sweet foods, although there were some associations with individual foods, which require further investigation. There were no associations with health status.
This study revealed an association between the wildtype and an increased intensity and liking of the sweet taste and a corresponding worse overall dietary quality. This study adds to previous evidence regarding how associations between and sweet taste are BMI-dependent.
背景/目的：此前，该单核苷酸多态性（SNP）已被认为与甜味、饮食和健康状况有关，不过此前从未在一项研究中进行全面探讨。此外，该SNP与甜味之间的关联可能取决于体重指数（BMI）。因此，本研究旨在综合考察该SNP与甜味强度、喜好、食物喜好、饮食及健康状况之间的关系，并同时考虑BMI因素。
招募了554名参与者。采用线性回归模型来探究该SNP与甜味强度、喜好、食物喜好、饮食及健康状况之间的关联。进行了一项次要分析，根据BMI<25/≥25kg/m²对参与者进行分层。
该SNP的野生型与甜味强度增加（P = 0.0345，B = 1.29，标准误 = 0.61）及喜好增加（P = 0.021，B = 0.25，标准误 = 0.11）相关。然而，这些关联仅在BMI≥25的个体中存在（强度：P = 0.037，B = 1.29，标准误 = 0.61；喜好：P = 0.008，B = 0.46，标准误 = 0.17）。在BMI≥25的个体中，该SNP还与饮食质量下降（P = 0.03，B = -0.27，标准误 = 0.13）、游离糖摄入量减少但饱和脂肪摄入量增加有关（游离糖：P = 0.0416，B = -0.8，标准误 = 0.38；饱和脂肪：P = 0.031，B = 1.38，标准误 = 0.62）。该SNP与甜味食物的平均喜好评分无关，不过与某些个别食物存在一些关联，这需要进一步研究。该SNP与健康状况无关。
本研究揭示了该SNP野生型与甜味强度增加、喜好增加以及相应的总体饮食质量较差之间存在关联。本研究补充了此前关于该SNP与甜味之间的关联如何取决于BMI的证据。
