Zhang Jianfen, Cao Wei, Xu Juan, Wang Hongliang, Luo Ruihe, Gan Qian, Yang Titi, Pan Hui, Yang Zhenyu, Zhao Wenhua, Zhang Qian
National Institute for Nutrition and Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
Key Laboratory of Public Nutrition and Health, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, 27 Nanwei Road, Xicheng District, Beijing 100050, China.
Nutrients. 2025 Jan 20;17(2):364. doi: 10.3390/nu17020364.
The aims of this study were to explore the differences in total body water and hydration status among Chinese children aged 6-17 years.
A cross-sectional study was implemented among children aged 6-17 years in China. The total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water (ECW) were determined by bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). The participants were divided according to age-age 6-8 years, age 9-11 years, age 12-14 years, age 15-17 years-and body mass index (BMI) of China-underweight, normal weight, overweight, and obese groups. The differences of variables of groups were compared using analysis of variance, Student's t-test, and Kruskal-Wallis test. Significance levels were set at 0.05 ( < 0.05).
A total of 59,643 participants (30,103 males and 29,540 females) completed the study. As children became older, the TBW, ICW, ECW, ICW/TBW, and TBW/FFM (TBW to fat free mass ratio) increased simultaneously (all < 0.05); concurrently, the ECW/TBW decreased with age (all < 0.05). Boys had higher TBW, ICW, ECW, ICW/TBW, TBW/BW, and TBW/FFM than those of girls at each age (all < 0.05). For all BMI groups, increases in TBW, ICW, ECW were observed from the underweight group to the obese group, both in boys and girls (all < 0.001). For the increase in BMI in all age groups, the values of TBW made a significantly lower percentage compared to BW. The higher BMI groups showed higher levels of TBW/FFM, both in girls and boys (all < 0.001).
The body water contents of children aged 6-17 years varied according to their age, sex, and BMI. Overweight and obese individuals may have inferior hydration status compared to those with normal weight.
本研究旨在探讨6至17岁中国儿童的总体水含量及水合状态的差异。
在中国6至17岁儿童中开展了一项横断面研究。通过生物电阻抗分析（BIA）测定总体水（TBW）、细胞内水（ICW）和细胞外水（ECW）。参与者根据年龄（6至8岁、9至11岁、12至14岁、15至17岁）和中国的体重指数（BMI）（体重过轻、正常体重、超重和肥胖组）进行分组。使用方差分析、学生t检验和Kruskal-Wallis检验比较各组变量的差异。显著性水平设定为0.05（P<0.05）。
共有59643名参与者（30103名男性和29540名女性）完成了研究。随着儿童年龄增长，TBW、ICW、ECW、ICW/TBW和TBW/FFM（TBW与去脂体重之比）同时增加（均P<0.05）；与此同时，ECW/TBW随年龄下降（均P<0.05）。在各年龄段，男孩的TBW、ICW、ECW、ICW/TBW、TBW/BW和TBW/FFM均高于女孩（均P<0.05）。在所有BMI组中，无论男孩还是女孩，从体重过轻组到肥胖组，TBW、ICW、ECW均呈上升趋势（均P<0.001）。在所有年龄组中，随着BMI的增加，TBW的增加值占体重增加值的百分比显著降低。无论女孩还是男孩，BMI较高的组TBW/FFM水平较高（均P<0.001）。
6至17岁儿童的身体水分含量因年龄、性别和BMI而异。与正常体重者相比，超重和肥胖个体的水合状态可能较差。
