Department of Dietetics and Nutrition, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
Department of Biostatistics, Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA.
J Pediatr Endocrinol Metab. 2023 Apr 4;36(5):470-477. doi: 10.1515/jpem-2022-0462. Print 2023 May 25.
Children 10-20 years old in the US are currently obese, showing suboptimal hydration as 60% fail to meet the US Dietary Reference Intakes for water. Studies have shown a significant inverse association between hydration status and body composition in children, although most failed to use the Dual-X-Ray Absorptiometry Scan (DEXA), the gold standard for body composition. Limited studies used an objective marker to measure hydration, such as urine specific gravity (USG) from a 24-h urine collection. Therefore, this study aimed to examine the association between hydration status (measured from USG in a 24-h urine sample and assessed from three 24-h dietary recalls) and body fat % and lean mass (assessed from a DEXA scan) in children (10-13 years, n=34) and adolescents (18-20 years, n=34).
Body composition was measured using DEXA, total water intake (mL/d) was assessed from three 24-h dietary recalls and analyzed using the Nutrition Data System for Research (NDSR). Hydration status was objectively measured using USG via 24-h urine collection.
Overall body fat % was 31.7 ± 7.31, total water intake was 1746 ± 762.0 mL/d, and USG score was 1.020 ± 0.011 uG. Linear regressions showed significance between total water intake and lean mass (B=12.2, p<0.05). Logistic regressions showed no significant association between body composition and USG and total water intake.
Findings showed total water intake was significantly associated with lean mass. Future research should be conducted to explore other objective markers of hydration and with a larger sample.
美国 10-20 岁的儿童目前肥胖，水合状态不佳，有 60%的儿童未能达到美国膳食参考摄入量的水分要求。研究表明，儿童的水合状态与身体成分之间存在显著的反比关系，尽管大多数研究未能使用双能 X 射线吸收法（DEXA），即身体成分的金标准。有限的研究使用客观标志物来测量水合状态，例如 24 小时尿液收集的尿比重（USG）。因此，本研究旨在检测儿童（10-13 岁，n=34）和青少年（18-20 岁，n=34）的水合状态（通过 24 小时尿液样本中的 USG 测量，并通过三次 24 小时膳食回忆评估）与体脂肪百分比和瘦体重（通过 DEXA 扫描评估）之间的关系。
使用 DEXA 测量身体成分，通过三次 24 小时膳食回忆评估总水摄入量（mL/d），并使用研究营养数据系统（NDSR）进行分析。通过 24 小时尿液收集使用 USG 客观测量水合状态。
总体体脂肪百分比为 31.7±7.31，总水摄入量为 1746±762.0 mL/d，USG 评分 1.020±0.011 uG。线性回归显示总水摄入量与瘦体重之间存在显著相关性（B=12.2，p<0.05）。逻辑回归显示身体成分与 USG 和总水摄入量之间无显著关联。
研究结果表明，总水摄入量与瘦体重显著相关。未来的研究应探索其他水合状态的客观标志物，并使用更大的样本。
