Mantovanelli Gislaine Cristiane, Silva Adriano Antônio, Ricardo Letycia Lopes, Kagami Fernanda Lima, de Almeida Jéssica Dario, Barbosa Mauro Cezar, Mito Márcio Shigueaki, Contesoto Isabela de Carvalho, da Costa Menezes Paulo Vinicius Moreira, Stulp Gabriel Felipe, Moreno Beatriz Pereira, Pereira Valeze Francielli Alana, de Oliveira Junior Rubem Silvério, Baldoqui Debora Cristina, Ishii Iwamoto Emy Luiza
Laboratory of Biological Oxidations, Department of Biochemistry, State University of Maringa, Maringa 87020-900, PR, Brazil.
Federal University of Southern Frontier, Realeza Campus, Realeza 85770-000, PR, Brazil.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 15;14(2):222. doi: 10.3390/plants14020222.
The cover crop (L.) R.Br. (pearl millet) reduces the emergence of weed species in the field through a mechanism that is not fully known. The identification of the allelopathic activity of pearl millet can contribute to the development of no-tillage techniques to produce crops without or with low doses of herbicides. This issue was investigated by testing the effects of extracts from the aerial parts of pearl millet on the germination and growth of the weeds L., L., and (Dammer) O'Donell under laboratory conditions. The ethyl acetate fraction (EAF) at a concentration of 2000 µg mL was inactive on ; it inhibited root length (-72%) and seedling fresh weight (-41%) of , and in the length of primary root and aerial parts and the fresh and dry weight of seedlings were reduced by 63%, 32%, 25%, and 12%, respectively. In roots of seedlings, at the initial development stage, EAF induced oxidative stress and increased electrolyte leakage. At the juvenile vegetative stage, a lower concentration of EAF (250 µg mL) induced a stimulus in seedling growth (+60% in root length and +23% in aerial parts length) that was associated with increased photosynthetic efficiency. However, at higher concentrations (1000 µg mL), it induced the opposite effects, inhibiting the growth of root (-41%) and aerial parts (-25%), with reduced superoxide dismutase activity and photosynthetic efficiency. The stilbenoid pallidol was identified as the main compound in EAF. The allelopathic activity of pearl millet may be attributed, at least in part, to the impairment of energy metabolism and the induction of oxidative stress in weed seedlings, with pallidol possibly involved in this action. Such findings demonstrated that the application of the EAF extract from pearl millet can be a natural and renewable alternative tool for weed control.
覆盖作物御谷（Pennisetum glaucum (L.) R.Br.）通过一种尚不完全清楚的机制减少田间杂草物种的出苗。确定御谷的化感活性有助于开发免耕技术，以在不使用或使用低剂量除草剂的情况下种植作物。通过在实验室条件下测试御谷地上部分提取物对杂草苘麻（Abutilon theophrasti Medicus）、稗草（Echinochloa crus-galli (L.) Beauv.）和马唐（Digitaria sanguinalis (L.) Scop.）的发芽和生长的影响，对这个问题进行了研究。浓度为2000 µg/mL的乙酸乙酯馏分（EAF）对苘麻没有活性；它抑制了稗草的根长（-72%）和幼苗鲜重（-41%），并且在马唐中，初生根长度、地上部分长度以及幼苗的鲜重和干重分别降低了63%、32%、25%和12%。在稗草幼苗的根中，在初始发育阶段，EAF诱导氧化应激并增加电解质渗漏。在幼年营养阶段，较低浓度的EAF（250 µg/mL）对幼苗生长产生刺激（根长增加60%，地上部分长度增加23%），这与光合效率提高有关。然而，在较高浓度（1000 µg/mL）下，它产生相反的效果，抑制根（-41%）和地上部分（-25%）的生长，同时超氧化物歧化酶活性和光合效率降低。二苯乙烯类化合物苍白醇被鉴定为EAF中的主要化合物。御谷的化感活性可能至少部分归因于杂草幼苗能量代谢的受损和氧化应激的诱导，苍白醇可能参与了这一作用。这些发现表明，应用御谷的EAF提取物可以成为一种天然且可再生的杂草控制替代工具。
