Ntinokas Dionysios, Roussis Ioannis, Mavroeidis Antonios, Stavropoulos Panteleimon, Folina Antigolena, Kakabouki Ioanna, Tzortzakakis Emmanuel A, Bilalis Dimitrios, Giannakou Ioannis O
Laboratory of Agricultural Zoology and Entomology, Department of Science of Crop Production, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Laboratory of Agronomy, Department of Crop Science, Agricultural University of Athens, 11855 Athens, Greece.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 15;14(2):227. doi: 10.3390/plants14020227.
The most common and damaging plant parasitic nematodes are root-knot nematodes (RNK). Although hemp has been clearly infected by RNK, little information is available regarding the extent of the damage and losses caused. In addition, no information is available concerning hemp seed extracts' activity against RNK. In the current research, a greenhouse experiment was developed to evaluate the infection effect of five RKN species (, , , , and ) in nine industrial hemp varieties (Fedora 17, Ferimon 12, Futura 75, Santhica 27, Santhica 70, KC Dora, KC Zuzana, Zenit, and USO 31), as was a laboratory experiment to evaluate the nematicidal activity of aqueous and water extracts of hemp seeds against second-stage juveniles (J2s) of . The results revealed that the five evaluated species were pathogenic to hemp plants. The lowest shoot weights were recorded in plants that were inoculated with and (4.65 and 4.53 g, respectively). As for the root system, the most severe damage of the roots was detected in -infected plants, presenting the lowest root weight (1.72 g). Regarding hemp varieties, the most susceptible were USO 31, Fedora 17, Ferimon 12, and Zenit, while Futura 75 hosted the lowest nematode numbers, including the lowest values of females per gram of root (10.66), number of egg masses per gram of root (4.70), and fecundity (33.68 eggs per egg mass). Moreover, this research showed that aqueous and ethanolic hemp seed extracts can control . After 24, 48, 72, and 96 h of exposure to high concentrations (250-2000 ppm) of ethanolic and aqueous extracts, the J2s were permanently paralyzed; however, at low concentrations, only the ethanolic extract was effective. The ethanolic extract paralyzed J2s at concentrations higher than 62.5 ppm and reduced the egg hatching by up to 76% compared to the control treatment. In general, the efficacy of the aqueous extract was considerably lower than that of the ethanolic extract.
最常见且具危害性的植物寄生线虫是根结线虫（RNK）。尽管大麻已被根结线虫明确感染，但关于其造成的损害程度和损失的信息却很少。此外，关于大麻种子提取物对根结线虫的活性尚无相关信息。在当前的研究中，开展了一项温室试验，以评估5种根结线虫（、、、、和）对9个工业大麻品种（费多拉17号、费里蒙12号、富图拉75号、桑蒂卡27号、桑蒂卡70号、KC多拉、KC祖扎娜、泽尼特和USO 31）的感染效果，同时还进行了一项实验室试验，以评估大麻种子的水提取物和乙醇提取物对南方根结线虫二期幼虫（J2s）的杀线虫活性。结果显示，所评估的5种根结线虫对大麻植株具有致病性。接种和的植株地上部重量最低（分别为4.65克和4.53克）。至于根系，在感染的植株中检测到根系受损最为严重，其根重最低（1.72克）。关于大麻品种，最易感的是USO 31、费多拉17号、费里蒙12号和泽尼特，而富图拉75号中的线虫数量最少，包括每克根中雌虫数量最低（10.66条）、每克根中卵块数量最低（4.70个）以及繁殖力最低（每个卵块33.68枚卵）。此外，该研究表明大麻种子的水提取物和乙醇提取物可以防治南方根结线虫。在暴露于高浓度（250 - 2000 ppm）的乙醇提取物和水提取物24、48、72和96小时后，二期幼虫永久麻痹；然而，在低浓度下，只有乙醇提取物有效。乙醇提取物在浓度高于62.5 ppm时使二期幼虫麻痹，与对照处理相比，卵孵化率降低高达76%。总体而言，水提取物的功效远低于乙醇提取物。
