Jing Cailing, Wang Junying, Wu Yonghong, Zhou Yufan, Zhu Huijun, Zhang Yaowen, Dong Shuqi, Li Xiaorui, Zhao Juan, Cao Junli, Yuan Xiangyang, Song Xi'e
College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China.
Shanxi Center for Testing of Functional Agro-Products, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030031, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Jan 18;14(2):275. doi: 10.3390/plants14020275.
The mung bean ( (Linn) Wilczek.) is a major grain crop in China, but its yield is significantly impacted by weeds. However, no pre-emergence herbicides are registered for mung bean fields in the China Pesticide Information Network. Screening for efficient and safe pre-emergence herbicides could improve mung bean production efficiency. In this study, six pre-emergence herbicides were selected: 480 g/L alachlor (1935.00 g a.i ha), 720 g/L metolachlor (1620.00 g a.i ha), 100 g/L imazethapyr (100.50 g a.i ha), 338 g/L oxadiazon (507.00 g a.i ha), 330 g/L pendimethalin (144.00 g a.i ha), and 480 g/L trifluralin (720.00 g a.i ha). Through Petri dish screening, a spraying treatment was carried out before seed germination. By measuring the root length and shoot length, imazethapyr (100.50 g a.i ha) and oxadiazon (507.00 g a.i ha) were screened out. They were applied to potted plants and sprayed after sowing. The results showed that imazethapyr (100.50 g a.i. ha) and oxadiazon (507.00 g a.i. ha) had no inhibitory effect on the growth and development of the mung bean. Subsequently, experiments were conducted with imazethapyr (100.50 g a.i ha) and oxadiazon (507.00 g a.i ha) applied in the field. Compared to the control, under imazethapyr (100.50 g a.i ha) and oxadiazon (507.00 g a.i ha), the agronomic traits, photosynthetic pigment content, yield, and yield components were not inhibited; the activities of superoxide dismutase, peroxidase, and catalase were increased; and gas exchange and chlorophyll fluorescence were not inhibited. In addition, soil urease activity decreased and soil invertase and alkaline phosphatase activity increased after 60 d of treatment. In summary, imazethapyr and oxadiazon can effectively control weeds and increase mung bean yield. The purpose of this study is to screen out safe and efficient pre-emergence herbicides suitable for the Shanxi mung bean, which is of great significance due to its large-scale planting industrialization and the development of advantageous industries.
绿豆（(Linn) Wilczek.）是中国主要的粮食作物，但其产量受到杂草的显著影响。然而，在中国农药信息网中没有登记用于绿豆田的芽前除草剂。筛选高效且安全的芽前除草剂可以提高绿豆的生产效率。在本研究中，选择了六种芽前除草剂：480克/升甲草胺（1935.00克有效成分/公顷）、720克/升异丙甲草胺（1620.00克有效成分/公顷）、100克/升咪唑乙烟酸（100.50克有效成分/公顷）、338克/升恶草酮（507.00克有效成分/公顷）、330克/升二甲戊灵（144.00克有效成分/公顷）和480克/升氟乐灵（720.00克有效成分/公顷）。通过培养皿筛选，在种子萌发前进行喷雾处理。通过测量根长和苗长，筛选出了咪唑乙烟酸（100.50克有效成分/公顷）和恶草酮（507.00克有效成分/公顷）。将它们应用于盆栽植物并在播种后进行喷雾。结果表明，咪唑乙烟酸（100.50克有效成分/公顷）和恶草酮（507.00克有效成分/公顷）对绿豆的生长发育没有抑制作用。随后，对田间施用咪唑乙烟酸（100.50克有效成分/公顷）和恶草酮（507.00克有效成分/公顷）进行了试验。与对照相比，在咪唑乙烟酸（100.50克有效成分/公顷）和恶草酮（507.00克有效成分/公顷）处理下，农艺性状、光合色素含量、产量和产量构成因素没有受到抑制；超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化物酶和过氧化氢酶的活性增加；气体交换和叶绿素荧光没有受到抑制。此外，处理60天后土壤脲酶活性降低，土壤蔗糖酶和碱性磷酸酶活性增加。综上所述，咪唑乙烟酸和恶草酮可以有效防除杂草并提高绿豆产量。本研究的目的是筛选出适合山西绿豆的安全高效芽前除草剂，由于其大规模种植产业化和优势产业的发展，具有重要意义。
