Ciftci Fatih, Özarslan Ali Can, Kantarci İmran Cagri, Yelkenci Aslihan, Tavukcuoglu Ozlem, Ghorbanpour Mansour
Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey.
Department of Technology Transfer Office, Fatih Sultan Mehmet Vakıf University, Istanbul 34015, Turkey.
Pharmaceutics. 2025 Jan 16;17(1):121. doi: 10.3390/pharmaceutics17010121.
In the 21st century, thanks to advances in biotechnology and developing pharmaceutical technology, significant progress is being made in effective drug design. Drug targeting aims to ensure that the drug acts only in the pathological area; it is defined as the ability to accumulate selectively and quantitatively in the target tissue or organ, regardless of the chemical structure of the active drug substance and the method of administration. With drug targeting, conventional, biotechnological and gene-derived drugs target the body's organs, tissues, and cells that can be selectively transported to specific regions. These systems serve as drug carriers and regulate the timing of release. Despite having many advantageous features, these systems have limitations in thoroughly treating complex diseases such as cancer. Therefore, combining these systems with nanoparticle technologies is imperative to treat cancer at both local and systemic levels effectively. The nanocarrier-based drug delivery method involves encapsulating target-specific drug molecules into polymeric or vesicular systems. Various drug delivery systems (DDS) were investigated and discussed in this review article. The first part discussed active and passive delivery systems, hydrogels, thermoplastics, microdevices and transdermal-based drug delivery systems. The second part discussed drug carrier systems in nanobiotechnology (carbon nanotubes, nanoparticles, coated, pegylated, solid lipid nanoparticles and smart polymeric nanogels). In the third part, drug targeting advantages were discussed, and finally, market research of commercial drugs used in cancer nanotechnological approaches was included.
在21世纪，由于生物技术的进步和制药技术的发展，有效药物设计取得了重大进展。药物靶向旨在确保药物仅在病理区域起作用；它被定义为无论活性药物物质的化学结构和给药方法如何，都能在靶组织或器官中选择性和定量积累的能力。通过药物靶向，传统药物、生物技术药物和基因衍生药物可作用于能够被选择性转运到特定区域的人体器官、组织和细胞。这些系统充当药物载体并调节释放时间。尽管具有许多有利特征，但这些系统在彻底治疗癌症等复杂疾病方面存在局限性。因此，将这些系统与纳米颗粒技术相结合对于有效治疗局部和全身水平的癌症至关重要。基于纳米载体的药物递送方法涉及将靶向特定药物分子封装到聚合物或囊泡系统中。本文综述了各种药物递送系统（DDS）。第一部分讨论了主动和被动递送系统、水凝胶、热塑性塑料、微型装置和基于透皮的药物递送系统。第二部分讨论了纳米生物技术中的药物载体系统（碳纳米管、纳米颗粒、包衣、聚乙二醇化、固体脂质纳米颗粒和智能聚合物纳米凝胶）。第三部分讨论了药物靶向的优势，最后还包括了癌症纳米技术方法中使用的商业药物的市场研究。
