Nagata Jason M, Helmer Christiane K, Wong Jennifer, Diep Thang, Domingue Sydnie K, Do Richard, Ervin Ruthie, Mehta Arjun S, Al-Shoaibi Abubakr A A, Gooding Holly C, Ganson Kyle T, Testa Alexander, Baker Fiona C, Garber Andrea K
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Division of General Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
Pediatr Res. 2025 Jan 27. doi: 10.1038/s41390-025-03838-z.
This study aimed to investigate associations between sociodemographic factors and dietary intake among a diverse population of early adolescents ages 10-13 years in the United States.
We examined data from the Adolescent Brain Cognitive Development (ABCD) Study in Year 2 (2018-2020, ages 10-13 years, N = 10,280). Multivariable linear regression models were conducted to estimate the adjusted associations between sociodemographic factors (age, sex, race and ethnicity, household income, parental education) and dietary intake of various food groups, measured by the Block Kids Food Screener.
Older age among early adolescents was associated with slightly less fruit, whole grain, and dairy and more monounsaturated fat consumption. Male sex was associated with a lower intake of fruit, fruit juice, vegetables, whole grains, and fiber and a higher intake of meat/poultry/fish, added sugars, fat, as well as higher glycemic index and glycemic load compared to female sex. Racial and ethnic minority status, lower household income, and lower parental education were generally associated with less fruit and vegetable consumption and more added sugars.
These findings can guide public health interventions to reduce diet quality disparities by targeting key populations and addressing differences according to socioeconomic status, sex, and race.
Sociodemographic disparities in diet quality have been studied, but none have explored sociodemographic associations with specific food groups and components (e.g., different types of fat) in early adolescence. In this demographically diverse sample of 10-13-year-old early adolescents in the US, we found sociodemographic disparities in dietary intake across various food groups. Most notably, male sex, racial and ethnic minority status, lower household income, and lower parental education were associated with less fruit and vegetable consumption and more added sugars.
本研究旨在调查美国10至13岁的不同青少年群体的社会人口学因素与饮食摄入之间的关联。
我们分析了青少年大脑认知发展（ABCD）研究第二年（2018 - 2020年，年龄10 - 13岁，N = 10280）的数据。采用多变量线性回归模型来估计社会人口学因素（年龄、性别、种族和民族、家庭收入、父母教育程度）与通过儿童食物筛查量表测量的各类食物组饮食摄入之间的校正关联。
年龄稍大的青少年水果、全谷物和乳制品摄入量略少，单不饱和脂肪摄入量较多。与女性相比，男性水果、果汁、蔬菜、全谷物和纤维摄入量较低，肉类/家禽/鱼类、添加糖、脂肪摄入量较高，血糖指数和血糖负荷也较高。种族和少数民族身份、较低的家庭收入以及较低的父母教育程度通常与较少的水果和蔬菜消费以及较多的添加糖有关。
这些发现可为公共卫生干预提供指导，通过针对关键人群并根据社会经济地位、性别和种族解决差异来减少饮食质量差距。
饮食质量方面的社会人口学差异已得到研究，但尚无研究探讨青春期早期社会人口学因素与特定食物组及成分（如不同类型的脂肪）之间的关联。在这个来自美国的10 - 13岁青少年的人口统计学多样化样本中，我们发现不同食物组的饮食摄入存在社会人口学差异。最显著的是，男性、种族和少数民族身份、较低的家庭收入以及较低的父母教育程度与较少的水果和蔬菜消费以及较多的添加糖有关。
