Anetai Hidaka, Toriumi Taku, Suzuki Ryo, Natsuyama Yutaro, Sekiya Shin-Ichi, Anetai Saori, Tokita Kounosuke, Kageyama Ikuo
Department of Nursing, School of Health Science, Tokyo University of Technology, 5-23-22 Nishikamata, Ota-Ku, Tokyo, 144-8535, Japan.
Department of Anatomy and Life Structure, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
Anat Sci Int. 2025 Jun;100(3):375-380. doi: 10.1007/s12565-025-00822-9. Epub 2025 Jan 27.
This case report presents an atypical transverse cervical artery with its detailed anatomy, morphogenesis, and association with the high arch-shaped subclavian artery. The atypical arteries, related arteries, and adjacent cervical and brachial plexuses were macroscopically examined in a 98-year-old Japanese female cadaver donated to The Nippon Dental University for medical education and research. The atypical deep branch of the transverse cervical artery originated from the internal thoracic artery and passed through between the C5 and C6 roots, in close contact with the C5 and C6 junction, to reach the dorsal side of the brachial plexus. The right subclavian artery exhibited a high arch-shaped coursing and traveled approximately 18 mm higher than the left subclavian artery. This atypical transverse cervical artery exhibits a combination of rare variations in its origin and course. The previous reports revealed that the transverse cervical artery arising from the proximal part of the subclavian artery tends to pass the lower part of the brachial plexus. However, this does not apply to the present case, implying that this atypical artery develops in a different manner from those previously described. Furthermore, the high arch-shaped subclavian artery in this case presumably arose by the suspension of the atypical transverse cervical artery at the C5 and C6 roots junction in a pulley-like structure. Clinicians performing pre- and intraoperative evaluations of neck surgery and catheterization of related arteries should consider that congenital anatomic variations in the transverse cervical artery may have cause anomalous subclavian artery coursing.
本病例报告展示了一条非典型的颈横动脉，及其详细的解剖结构、形态发生过程，以及与高弓状锁骨下动脉的关联。在一名捐赠给日本齿科大学用于医学教育和研究的98岁日本女性尸体上，对非典型动脉、相关动脉以及相邻的颈丛和臂丛进行了宏观检查。颈横动脉的非典型深支起源于胸廓内动脉，穿过C5和C6神经根之间，与C5和C6神经根的连接处紧密接触，到达臂丛的背侧。右侧锁骨下动脉呈高弓状走行，比左侧锁骨下动脉高出约18毫米。这条非典型的颈横动脉在其起源和走行方面表现出罕见变异的组合。先前的报告显示，起源于锁骨下动脉近端的颈横动脉往往会穿过臂丛的下部。然而，本病例并不适用此情况，这意味着这条非典型动脉的发育方式与先前描述的不同。此外，本病例中的高弓状锁骨下动脉可能是由于非典型颈横动脉在C5和C6神经根连接处呈滑轮样结构悬吊所致。进行颈部手术术前和术中评估以及相关动脉导管插入术的临床医生应考虑到颈横动脉的先天性解剖变异可能导致锁骨下动脉走行异常。
