Romanchuk Oleksandr
Department of Internal and Family Medicine, Lesya Ukrainka Volyn National University, Lutsk, Ukraine.
Department of Therapy and Rehabilitation, Ivan Boberskij Ivan Bobersky Lviv State University of Physical Culture, Lviv, Ukraine.
Front Sports Act Living. 2025 Jan 13;6:1451643. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2024.1451643. eCollection 2024.
Our goal was to determine the differences in changes in cardiovascular and cardiorespiratory interaction indicators during a respiratory maneuver with a change in breathing rate in athletes with different types of heart rate regulation.
The results of a study of 183 healthy men aged 21.2 ± 2.3 years, who were systematically involved in various sports, were analyzed. According to the results of the analysis of the HRV study during spontaneous breathing, the athletes were divided into 4 groups taking into account the type of heart rate regulation (HRR). Group 1 (with type I) consisted of 53 people, group 2 (with type II)-29 people, group 3 (with type III)-85 people, group 4 (with type IV)-16 people. The methodology for studying the cardiorespiratory system included combined measurements of the respiratory and cardiovascular system activity indicators in a sitting position using a spiroarteriocardiorhythmograph. The duration of the study was 6 min.
According to changes in cardiorespiratory and cardiovascular interaction indicators during controlled breathing with a frequency of 6 and 15 per minute (CR and CR), it is shown that with a pronounced predominance of parasympathetic influences (type IV) in conditions of excessive cardiorespiratory control and moderate hyperventilation, differences in changes in arterial baroreflex sensitivity (δBR and δBR) are noted in comparison with other HRR. Athletes with type IV at CR in δBR significantly differ from athletes with type III ( = 0.026) and do not differ from athletes with type II ( = 0.141). In δBR significantly ( = 0.038 and = 0.043)-from athletes with types I and II. It is shown that with the predominance of sympathetic influences (types I and II), the reactivity of BRS (δBRLF and δBR) in response to moderate hyperventilation (CR) is significantly lower. Changes in the Hildebrandt index and the volume synchronization index additionally differentiate HRR associated with a moderate and pronounced predominance of sympathetic and parasympathetic influences.
The use of a respiratory maneuver in a combined study of the cardiorespiratory system in the conditions of current control of athletes showed informativeness in the differentiation of HRR types and states of functional overstrain.
我们的目标是确定在呼吸频率改变的呼吸动作过程中，不同心率调节类型的运动员心血管与心肺相互作用指标变化的差异。
分析了183名年龄在21.2±2.3岁、系统参与各种运动的健康男性的研究结果。根据自主呼吸期间心率变异性（HRV）研究的分析结果，考虑心率调节（HRR）类型将运动员分为4组。第1组（I型）有53人，第2组（II型）有29人，第3组（III型）有85人，第4组（IV型）有16人。研究心肺系统的方法包括使用呼吸动脉心电图仪在坐姿下联合测量呼吸和心血管系统活动指标。研究持续时间为6分钟。
根据每分钟6次和15次呼吸频率（CR和CR）的控制呼吸期间心肺和心血管相互作用指标的变化，结果表明，在心肺过度控制和中度过度通气的情况下，当副交感神经影响（IV型）明显占主导时，与其他HRR相比，动脉压力反射敏感性（δBR和δBR）的变化存在差异。IV型运动员在CR时的δBR与III型运动员有显著差异（=0.026），与II型运动员无差异（=0.141）。在δBR方面，与I型和II型运动员有显著差异（=0.038和=0.043）。结果表明，当交感神经影响占主导（I型和II型）时，BRS（δBRLF和δBR）对中度过度通气（CR）的反应性显著降低。希尔德布兰特指数和容积同步指数的变化进一步区分了与交感神经和副交感神经影响中度和明显占主导相关的HRR。
在对运动员进行当前控制的条件下，在心肺系统联合研究中使用呼吸动作显示出在区分HRR类型和功能过度紧张状态方面具有信息价值。
