Wu Taorui, Chen Youlong, Zhang Wenxin, Pu Zijian, Li Jianhua, Xu Yawen, Cheng Jianhua, Cai Lijun, Hu Kaihui, Jin Wensong
College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, People's Republic of China.
Fujian Zhen Jun Zi Biological Technology Company Limited, Ningde, 352200, People's Republic of China.
Arch Microbiol. 2025 Jan 29;207(2):48. doi: 10.1007/s00203-025-04245-y.
Lyophyllum decastes is a type of edible and medicinal mushroom with high nutritional value. However, it can be infected by fungi during the fruiting process, which impairs the development of the industry. In this study, one pathogenic fungus was isolated from the diseased fruiting bodies of L. decastes. Morphological and molecular identification clarified that the causal agent of the disease was Cladobotryum mycophilum. Koch's postulates showed that C. mycophilum could infect L. decastes, and seriously affect mushroom yields. The biological properties of C. mycophilum were investigated. The data showed that the most suitable temperature for the growth of C. mycophilum was 25 °C with a mean growth rate of 21.45 mm d on PDA. C. mycophilum was better suited to growing in neutral or slightly acidic environments. The suitable carbon source and nitrogen source for C. mycophilum growth were lactose and peptone or yeast extract respectively. The ICs (Half maximal inhibitory concentration) values of carbendazim and prochloraz for inhibiting C. mycophilum are respectively 1.244 µg.mL and 3.323 µg.mL. 10 µg.mL carbendazim can effectively control C. mycophilum during the L. decastes fruiting process. The results of this study can provide knowledge for the control of cobweb disease during the L. decastes fruiting process.
荷叶离褶伞是一种具有高营养价值的食药用真菌。然而，在出菇过程中它会受到真菌的侵染，这损害了该产业的发展。在本研究中，从患病的荷叶离褶伞子实体中分离出一种致病真菌。形态学和分子鉴定表明，该病的病原菌是嗜菇枝顶孢霉。柯赫氏法则表明，嗜菇枝顶孢霉可侵染荷叶离褶伞，并严重影响蘑菇产量。对嗜菇枝顶孢霉的生物学特性进行了研究。数据显示，嗜菇枝顶孢霉生长的最适温度为25℃，在PDA上的平均生长速率为21.45毫米/天。嗜菇枝顶孢霉更适合在中性或微酸性环境中生长。嗜菇枝顶孢霉生长的适宜碳源和氮源分别是乳糖和蛋白胨或酵母提取物。多菌灵和咪鲜胺对嗜菇枝顶孢霉的IC50（半最大抑制浓度）值分别为1.244微克/毫升和3.323微克/毫升。10微克/毫升的多菌灵在荷叶离褶伞出菇过程中能有效防治嗜菇枝顶孢霉。本研究结果可为荷叶离褶伞出菇过程中网丝病的防治提供知识参考。
