Akerstrom Magnus, Wessberg Anna, Hadžibajramović Emina, Graner Sofie, Carlsson Ylva, Andersson Ola, Jonsson Maria, Naurin Elin, Veje Malin, Sengpiel Verena, Linden Karolina
Region Västra Götaland, Institute of Stress Medicine, Carl Skottbergs Gata 22B, 413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden.
School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
BMC Health Serv Res. 2025 Jan 29;25(1):173. doi: 10.1186/s12913-025-12337-0.
The COVID-19 pandemic forced leaders and employees in health care services to take difficult decisions to manage risks associated with employee health and the organizations' functioning. This study aims to identify the changes in employee working routines, job demands, and job resources within Swedish maternal healthcare during the COVID-19 pandemic, and how these changes affected workload and health.
Data were derived from the longitudinal COPE Staff study involving midwives and physicians within maternal healthcare. Three focus group discussions with midwives and physicians (n = 13), and open-ended survey responses (n = 604) during the third wave of the pandemic (January to May 2021) were analyzed using deductive content analysis based on the Job Demands-Resources model. Quantitative measures of workload and burnout from three survey waves, both during the pandemic (January to May 2021 [n = 782] and January to March 2022 [n = 503]) and after the pandemic (February to March 2023 [n = 759]), were analyzed.
Multiple changes in working routines were implemented to adhere to national and local guidelines aiming to decrease the spread of Sars-CoV-2. As a result, midwives and physicians experienced increased job demands, including an increased workload and higher emotional and cognitive demands. To balance these demands, new working routines were introduced, and managers increased their efforts to communicate and support the employees. Collegial support also grew. When surveyed, however, most of the maternal healthcare workers said they experienced a high workload. It was found that between 3-7% likely experienced burn out, while another 10% were at risk of burnout during and after the pandemic.
The pandemic had a large effect on maternal healthcare employees. Strategies and adaptations on an organizational, managerial, and individual level played an important role in modifying the impact on the organization's operations and employees.
新冠疫情迫使医疗服务领域的领导者和员工做出艰难决策，以应对与员工健康和组织运作相关的风险。本研究旨在确定新冠疫情期间瑞典孕产妇保健机构中员工工作常规、工作需求和工作资源的变化，以及这些变化如何影响工作量和健康状况。
数据来自一项针对孕产妇保健机构中助产士和医生的纵向COPE员工研究。在疫情第三波期间（2021年1月至5月），对助产士和医生进行了三次焦点小组讨论（n = 13），并分析了开放式调查回复（n = 604），采用基于工作需求-资源模型的演绎性内容分析法。分析了疫情期间（2021年1月至5月[n = 782]和2022年1月至3月[n = 503]）以及疫情后（2023年2月至3月[n = 759]）三个调查阶段的工作量和倦怠的定量测量数据。
为遵守旨在减少新冠病毒传播的国家和地方指导方针，工作常规发生了多项变化。结果，助产士和医生的工作需求增加，包括工作量增加以及情感和认知需求提高。为平衡这些需求，引入了新的工作常规，管理人员加大了与员工沟通和支持的力度。同事间的支持也有所增加。然而，在接受调查时，大多数孕产妇保健工作者表示他们经历了高工作量。研究发现，在疫情期间和之后，有3%-7%的人可能出现倦怠，另有10%的人有倦怠风险。
疫情对孕产妇保健员工产生了重大影响。组织、管理和个人层面的策略及调整在减轻对组织运营和员工的影响方面发挥了重要作用。
