Karniej Piotr, Dissen Anthony, Pietrzykowski Łukasz, Juárez-Vela Raúl, Sabater Antonio Martinez, Kulińska Janina, Zieliński Jakub, Czapla Michał
Faculty of Economics, WSB MERITO University in Wroclaw, Wrocław, 53-609, Poland.
Group of Research in Care and Health (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Sciences, University of La Rioja, Logroño, 26006, Spain.
BMC Med Educ. 2025 Jan 29;25(1):144. doi: 10.1186/s12909-025-06744-4.
Health disparities experienced by lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (LGBT) individuals have been partially attributed to healthcare professionals' lack of cultural competence in addressing their specific needs. This study aimed to assess the differences in competencies and preparedness among health professionals from Poland and Spain when working with LGBT patients.
Data were collected between June and August 2024 through a cross-sectional survey involving 673 health professionals (Mage = 33.54, SD = 9.74; 61.5% female), including 273 participants from Spain and 400 from Poland. Participants completed a self-administered survey, which included sociodemographic questions and the Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender Development of Clinical Skills Scale (LGBT-DOCSS). Multivariate linear regression was used to analyze predictors of clinical preparedness, attitudes, and knowledge regarding LGBT care.
not applicable.
Spanish health professionals showed higher total LGBT-DOCSS scores compared to Polish participants (B = 0.503, p < 0.001). Gender was a significant predictor, with men scoring higher in clinical preparedness (B = 0.771, p = 0.002), while women scored higher in attitudes (B = -0.457, p < 0.001). In Poland, age was positively correlated with clinical preparedness (B = 0.034, p = 0.022), and physicians scored significantly higher in overall competency compared to nurses/midwives (B = 0.621, p = 0.005). Participation in LGBT-related training was associated with higher clinical preparedness in both countries, with those attending training 3 or more times scoring higher than those who never attended (B = 1.659, p < 0.001).
The study revealed significant differences in LGBT competency between Polish and Spanish health professionals. Factors such as gender, age, profession, and participation in LGBT-related training were associated with these competencies. Results suggest that a more tailored approach in professional education and training may be necessary to ensure all health workers possess adequate skills and attitudes toward LGBT care.
女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别（LGBT）群体所经历的健康差异，部分归因于医疗保健专业人员在满足他们的特定需求方面缺乏文化能力。本研究旨在评估波兰和西班牙的医疗保健专业人员在为LGBT患者提供服务时，在能力和准备程度上的差异。
2024年6月至8月期间，通过横断面调查收集数据，共有673名医疗保健专业人员参与（年龄均值=33.54，标准差=9.74；61.5%为女性），其中273名来自西班牙，400名来自波兰。参与者完成了一份自我管理的调查问卷，其中包括社会人口学问题以及女同性恋、男同性恋、双性恋和跨性别临床技能发展量表（LGBT-DOCSS）。采用多元线性回归分析LGBT护理方面临床准备、态度和知识的预测因素。
不适用。
与波兰参与者相比，西班牙医疗保健专业人员的LGBT-DOCSS总分更高（B=0.503，p<0.001）。性别是一个显著的预测因素，男性在临床准备方面得分更高（B=0.771，p=0.002），而女性在态度方面得分更高（B=-0.457，p<0.001）。在波兰，年龄与临床准备呈正相关（B=0.034，p=0.022），医生在总体能力方面的得分显著高于护士/助产士（B=0.621，p=0.005）。在两个国家，参与LGBT相关培训都与更高的临床准备相关，参加培训3次或更多次的人得分高于从未参加过培训的人（B=1.659，p<0.001）。
该研究揭示了波兰和西班牙医疗保健专业人员在LGBT能力方面存在显著差异。性别、年龄、职业以及参与LGBT相关培训等因素与这些能力相关。结果表明，可能需要在专业教育和培训中采取更具针对性的方法，以确保所有医护人员对LGBT护理具备足够的技能和态度。
