Liu Hao-Zhuo, Li Yong-Kang, Chen Yi-Li, Zhou Ying, Sahu Sunil Kumar, Liu Ningjing, Wu Hao, Shui Guanghou, Chen Qinfang, Yao Nan
State Key Laboratory of Biocontrol, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Resources, School of Life Sciences, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510275, China.
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, Key Laboratory of Genomics, Ministry of Agriculture, BGI Research, Shenzhen, 518083, China.
Adv Biotechnol (Singap). 2024 Mar 11;2(1):11. doi: 10.1007/s44307-024-00017-9.
Plant lipids are a diverse group of biomolecules that play essential roles in plant architecture, physiology, and signaling. To advance our understanding of plant biology and facilitate innovations in plant-based product development, we must have precise methods for the comprehensive analysis of plant lipids. Here, we present a comprehensive overview of current research investigating plant lipids, including their structures, metabolism, and functions. We explore major lipid classes, i.e. fatty acids, glyceroglycolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, and phytosterols, and discuss their subcellular distributions. Furthermore, we emphasize the significance of lipidomics research techniques, particularly chromatography-mass spectrometry, for accurate lipid analysis. Special attention is given to lipids as crucial signal receptors and signaling molecules that influence plant growth and responses to environmental challenges. We address research challenges in lipidomics, such as in identifying and quantifying lipids, separating isomers, and avoiding batch effects and ion suppression. Finally, we delve into the practical applications of lipidomics, including its integration with other omics methodologies, lipid visualization, and innovative analytical approaches. This review thus provides valuable insights into the field of plant lipidomics and its potential contributions to plant biology.
植物脂质是一类多样的生物分子，在植物结构、生理学和信号传导中发挥着重要作用。为了增进我们对植物生物学的理解，并促进基于植物的产品开发创新，我们必须拥有精确的方法来全面分析植物脂质。在此，我们对当前研究植物脂质的情况进行全面概述，包括其结构、代谢和功能。我们探讨主要的脂质类别，即脂肪酸、甘油糖脂、甘油磷脂、鞘脂和植物甾醇，并讨论它们在亚细胞中的分布。此外，我们强调脂质组学研究技术，特别是色谱 - 质谱联用技术对于准确脂质分析的重要性。特别关注脂质作为关键信号受体和信号分子对植物生长以及应对环境挑战的影响。我们阐述脂质组学研究中的挑战，例如脂质的鉴定和定量、异构体分离以及避免批次效应和离子抑制。最后，我们深入探讨脂质组学的实际应用，包括其与其他组学方法的整合、脂质可视化以及创新分析方法。因此，本综述为植物脂质组学领域及其对植物生物学的潜在贡献提供了有价值的见解。
