A Mahmoud Adil, Saeed Ali Awadallah, Elnour Asim Ahmed, Nasreldin E M Osama, Menon Vineetha, Abdi Beshir Semira, Fatehi Abdalla Sami, Mohammed Abuelnor, Baraka Mohamed, Alsulami Fahad T, Saeed Alqarni Yousef, Al Mazrouei Nadia, Awad Al-Kubaisi Khalid, Yousif El Khidir Israa, Ganana Kishore, Al Amoodi Abdulla
Faculty of Clinical and Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy Practice, National University-Sudan, Khartoum, Sudan.
Faculty of Clinical and Industrial Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacology, National University-Sudan, Mycetoma Research Center, Khartoum, Sudan.
PLoS One. 2025 Jan 30;20(1):e0315672. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0315672. eCollection 2025.
Non-adherence to cardiovascular medications is a global problem with clinical, economic, and humanistic consequences. Investigation of this problem may open the road for proper management of cardiovascular diseases.
Our objectives were to assess the level of adherence to, and to examine factors influencing adherence to, cardiovascular medications in subjects visiting a heart center in Sudan.
We have conducted a cross-sectional study that assessed adherence to cardiovascular medications among subjects visiting outpatient cardiac clinics in a heart center-Khartoum State, Sudan. The validated Adherence to Refills and Medication Scale (ARMS) tool was used to assess the level of medication adherence. A score of >16 was used as a cut-off point to categorize surveyed patients into non-adherent (e.g., 17-48) and adherent (e.g., 12-16) in ARMS. Descriptive statistics (frequencies and percentages) and inferential tests such as One-Way ANOVA and Binary regression were used for data analysis.
A total of 255 subjects were enrolled in this study. Slightly more than half the respondents were males (54.5%) and their ages ranged between (51-60 years), and have no insurance coverage (58%). Most of the subjects were married (60.4%), were from Khartoum-State (67.8%), and were unemployed (77.6%). About 39.6% had primary education while 34.5% had secondary (34.5%) education. Diabetes (56.1%) and hypertension (45.5%) were common among the study population. The results showed a high non-adherence prevalence rate (97.6%). The cited reasons for non-adherence include forgetfulness and the costs of refilling medications. Education and age were associated with the level of adherence. Those with high non-adherence behaviors were the more educated, younger and old patients, those not employed, and those having comorbid diseases.
The results generally showed a high level of non-adherence to cardiovascular medications, necessitating interventions to support patients' adherence.
不坚持服用心血管药物是一个全球性问题，会产生临床、经济和人文方面的后果。对这一问题的调查可能为心血管疾病的合理管理开辟道路。
我们的目的是评估苏丹一家心脏中心就诊患者对心血管药物的依从水平，并检查影响依从性的因素。
我们进行了一项横断面研究，评估苏丹喀土穆州一家心脏中心门诊心脏诊所患者对心血管药物的依从性。使用经过验证的药品续方与用药依从性量表（ARMS）工具评估用药依从水平。在ARMS中，得分>16被用作分界点，将接受调查的患者分为不依从（如17 - 48分）和依从（如12 - 16分）两类。采用描述性统计（频率和百分比）以及单向方差分析和二元回归等推断性检验进行数据分析。
本研究共纳入255名受试者。略超过一半的受访者为男性（54.5%），年龄在51 - 60岁之间，且没有保险覆盖（58%）。大多数受试者已婚（60.4%），来自喀土穆州（67.8%），且未就业（77.6%）。约39.6%的人接受过小学教育，34.5%的人接受过中学教育。糖尿病（56.1%）和高血压（45.5%）在研究人群中很常见。结果显示不依从患病率很高（97.6%）。不依从的原因包括健忘和药品续方费用。教育程度和年龄与依从水平相关。不依从行为较高的是受教育程度较高、年龄较小和较大的患者、未就业者以及患有合并症的患者。
结果总体显示对心血管药物的不依从程度较高，需要采取干预措施来支持患者的依从性。
