Li Jiaqi, Xie Zhiguo, Yang Lin, Guo Keyu, Zhou Zhiguang
National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
National Clinical Research Center for Metabolic Diseases, Key Laboratory of Diabetes Immunology (Central South University), Ministry of Education, and Department of Metabolism and Endocrinology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
J Autoimmun. 2025 Feb;151:103371. doi: 10.1016/j.jaut.2025.103371. Epub 2025 Jan 29.
Type 1 diabetes (T1D) is a complex disease triggered by a combination of genetic and environmental factors, where abnormal autoimmune responses lead to progressive damage of the pancreatic β cells and severe glucose metabolism disorder. Recent studies have increasingly highlighted the close link between gut microbiota dysbiosis and the development of T1D. This review delves into existing population studies to explore the intricate interactions between the gut microbiota and the immune and metabolic homeostasis in T1D. It summarizes how changes in the structure and function of the gut microbiota are closely associated with the onset and progression of T1D across its natural course and clinical stages. More importantly, based on evidence accumulated from clinical observations and trials, we pioneer the discussion on gut microbiota-based T1D prevention and treatment strategies, this not only enriches our understanding of the complex pathological mechanisms of T1D but also provides potential directions for developing novel prevention and treatment strategies.
1型糖尿病（T1D）是一种由遗传和环境因素共同引发的复杂疾病，异常的自身免疫反应会导致胰腺β细胞进行性损伤和严重的葡萄糖代谢紊乱。最近的研究越来越多地强调肠道微生物群失调与T1D发生发展之间的密切联系。这篇综述深入探讨了现有的人群研究，以探索T1D中肠道微生物群与免疫和代谢稳态之间的复杂相互作用。它总结了肠道微生物群的结构和功能变化如何在T1D的自然病程和临床阶段中与T1D的发病和进展密切相关。更重要的是，基于临床观察和试验积累的证据，我们率先讨论基于肠道微生物群的T1D预防和治疗策略，这不仅丰富了我们对T1D复杂病理机制的理解，也为开发新的预防和治疗策略提供了潜在方向。
