Hounye Alphonse Houssou, Pan Xiaogao, Zhao Yuqi, Cao Cong, Wang Jiaoju, Venunye Abidi Mimi, Xiong Li, Chai Xiangping, Hou Muzhou
General Surgery Department of Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University Changsha, 139 Renmin Road, Changsha, Hunan, 410011, China.
Department of Emergency Medicine, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China.
Sci Rep. 2025 Jan 30;15(1):3787. doi: 10.1038/s41598-025-86739-9.
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) interventions in interrupting transmission have paid heavy losses politically and economically. The Chinese government has replaced scaling up testing with monitoring focus groups and randomly supervising sampling, encouraging scientific research on the COVID-19 transmission curve to be confirmed by constructing epidemiological models, which include statistical models, computer simulations, mathematical illustrations of the pathogen and its effects, and several other methodologies. Although predicting and forecasting the propagation of COVID-19 are valuable, they nevertheless present an enormous challenge. This paper emphasis on pandemic simulation models by introduced respiratory-specific transmission to extend and complement the classical Susceptible-Exposed-(Asymptomatic)-Infected-Recovered SE(A)IR model to assess the significance of the COVID-19 transmission control features to provide an explanation of the rationale for the government policy. A novel epidemiological model is developed using mean-field theory. Utilizing the SE(A)IR extended framework, which is a suitable method for describing the progression of epidemics over actual or genuine landscapes, we have developed a novel model named SEIAPUFR. This model effectively detects the connections between various stages of infection. Subsequently, we formulated eight ordinary differential equations that precisely depict the population's temporal development inside each segment. Furthermore, we calibrated the transmission and clearance rates by considering the impact of various control strategies on the epidemiological dynamics, which we used to project the future course of COVID-19. Based on these parameter values, our emphasis was on determining the criteria for stabilizing the disease-free equilibrium (DEF). We also developed model parameters that are appropriate for COVID-19 outbreaks, taking into account varied population sizes. Ultimately, we conducted simulations and predictions for other prominent cities in China, such as Wuhan, Shanghai, Guangzhou, and Shenzhen, that have recently been affected by the COVID-19 outbreak. By integrating different control measures, respiratory-specific modeling, and disease supervision sampling into an expanded SEI (A) R epidemic model, we found that supervision sampling can improve early warning of viral activity levels and superspreading events, and explained the significance of containments in controlling COVID-19 transmission and the rationality of policy by the influence of different containment measures on the transmission rate. These results indicate that the control measures during the pandemic interrupted the transmission chain mainly by inhibiting respiratory transmission, and the proportion of supervision sampling should be proportional to the transmission rate, especially only aimed at preventing a resurgence of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in low-prevalence areas. Furthermore, The incidence hazard of Males and Females was 1.39(1.23-1.58), and 1.43(1.26-1.63), respectively. Our investigation found that the ratio of peak sampling is directly related to the transmission rate, and both decrease when control measures are implemented. Consequently, the control measures during the pandemic interrupted the transmission chain mainly by inhibiting respiratory transmission. Reasonable and effective interventions during the early stage can flatten the transmission curve, which will slow the momentum of the outbreak to reduce medical pressure.
2019年冠状病毒病(COVID-19)在阻断传播方面的干预措施在政治和经济上付出了沉重代价。中国政府已将扩大检测改为监测重点人群并随机监督采样,鼓励通过构建流行病学模型(包括统计模型、计算机模拟、病原体及其影响的数学图示以及其他几种方法)来对COVID-19传播曲线进行科学研究以得到证实。尽管预测和预报COVID-19的传播很有价值,但它们仍然带来了巨大挑战。本文通过引入呼吸道特异性传播来强调大流行模拟模型,以扩展和补充经典的易感-暴露-(无症状)-感染-康复SE(A)IR模型,从而评估COVID-19传播控制特征的重要性,为政府政策的合理性提供解释。利用平均场理论开发了一种新的流行病学模型。利用SE(A)IR扩展框架(这是一种描述流行病在实际或真实环境中发展过程的合适方法),我们开发了一个名为SEIAPUFR的新模型。该模型有效地检测了感染各个阶段之间的联系。随后,我们制定了八个常微分方程,精确描述了每个部分内人群随时间的发展。此外,我们通过考虑各种控制策略对流行病学动态的影响来校准传播率和清除率,并用其预测COVID-19的未来发展进程。基于这些参数值,我们重点确定了稳定无病平衡点(DEF)的标准。我们还考虑不同的人口规模,开发了适用于COVID-19疫情爆发的模型参数。最终,我们对中国其他近期受COVID-19疫情影响的主要城市,如武汉、上海、广州和深圳进行了模拟和预测。通过将不同的控制措施、呼吸道特异性建模和疾病监督采样整合到一个扩展的SEI(A)R流行病模型中,我们发现监督采样可以提高对病毒活动水平和超级传播事件的早期预警,并通过不同遏制措施对传播率的影响解释了遏制措施在控制COVID-19传播中的重要性和政策的合理性。这些结果表明,大流行期间的控制措施主要通过抑制呼吸道传播来中断传播链,监督采样的比例应与传播率成正比,特别是仅旨在防止SARS-CoV-2在低流行地区再次传播。此外,男性和女性的发病风险分别为1.39(1.23 - 1.58)和1.43(1.26 - 1.63)。我们的调查发现,峰值采样率与传播率直接相关,并且在实施控制措施时两者都会降低。因此,大流行期间的控制措施主要通过抑制呼吸道传播来中断传播链。早期合理有效的干预可以使传播曲线变平,这将减缓疫情爆发的势头,减轻医疗压力。