Lalnunfela Charles, Lalthanpuii Pawi Bawitlung, Lalremsanga Hmar Tlawmte, Lalmuansangi Chhaihlo, Zosangzuali Mary, Kumar Nachimuthu Senthil, Lalhriatpuii Tochhawng, Lalchhandama Kholhring
Department of Zoology, Mizoram University, Tanhril, 796004, Mizoram, India.
DBT-BUILDER National Laboratory, Department of Life Sciences, Pachhunga University College, Aizawl, 796001, Mizoram, India.
Heliyon. 2025 Jan 10;11(2):e41839. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2025.e41839. eCollection 2025 Jan 30.
Purkay. is a lesser-known species of holly (family Aquifoliaceae) that is endemic to Northeast India. Designated as critically endangered, the plant is used in the treatments of bacterial infections, cancer, intestinal helminthiasis, tuberculosis, and viral infections. A methanol extract of the leaves was prepared from which 16 different compounds were identified using gas chromatography-mass spectroscopy. An alkylated phenol, 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol, was the predominant compound. Acute toxicity test indicated that the plant extract was non-toxic even at the highest dosage tested, i.e., 2000 mg/kg body weight. The plant extract caused considerable prolongation of survival in mice transplanted with Dalton's lymphoma ascites, extending life by 33 %, with median survival time of 35.5 and average survival time of 22.83 days, and with a treatment to control ratio of 131.37 %. Reduction of body mass, lipid peroxidation, alanine transaminase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine were seen in DLA-transplanted mice after treatment with the plant extract. On the other hand, glutathione level, glutathione S-transferase and superoxide dismutase activity increased. Alkaline comet assay showed that the plant extract effectively induced DNA damage, producing a tail length of 11.89 μm and Olive moment of 2.36 at 250 mg/kg bwt, the most effective dosage. Molecular docking revealed high ligand binding ability of 2,6-di-tert-butylphenol to chemokine receptor CXCR4, DNA topoisomerase 2-alpha, DNA topoisomerase 2-beta, histone deacetylases (HDAC1, HDAC2, HDAC3), Janus kinase 1 and programmed cell death protein 1. The safety and anticancer activity in the present study substantiate the therapeutic importance of as acclaimed in the Mizo traditional medicine. Additionally, the study advocates further pharmacological investigations as well as the conservation and propagation of the endangered plant for future research.
普尔凯是冬青科一种鲜为人知的物种，原产于印度东北部。该植物被列为极度濒危物种，可用于治疗细菌感染、癌症、肠道蠕虫病、结核病和病毒感染。制备了叶片的甲醇提取物，利用气相色谱 - 质谱法从中鉴定出16种不同的化合物。一种烷基化酚，2,6 - 二叔丁基苯酚，是主要化合物。急性毒性试验表明，即使在最高测试剂量（即2000毫克/千克体重）下，该植物提取物也无毒。该植物提取物使移植了道尔顿淋巴瘤腹水的小鼠存活时间显著延长，寿命延长了33%，中位生存时间为35.5天，平均生存时间为22.83天，治疗与对照比值为131.37%。用该植物提取物处理后，移植了道尔顿淋巴瘤腹水的小鼠体重减轻、脂质过氧化、丙氨酸转氨酶、天冬氨酸转氨酶和肌酐降低。另一方面，谷胱甘肽水平、谷胱甘肽S - 转移酶和超氧化物歧化酶活性增加。碱性彗星试验表明，在最有效剂量250毫克/千克体重时，该植物提取物能有效诱导DNA损伤，产生的尾长为11.89微米，橄榄矩为2.36。分子对接显示2,6 - 二叔丁基苯酚与趋化因子受体CXCR4、DNA拓扑异构酶2 - α、DNA拓扑异构酶2 - β、组蛋白脱乙酰酶（HDAC1、HDAC2、HDAC3）、Janus激酶1和程序性细胞死亡蛋白1具有高配体结合能力。本研究中的安全性和抗癌活性证实了米佐传统医学中所赞誉的该植物的治疗重要性。此外，该研究主张进一步进行药理学研究以及对这种濒危植物进行保护和繁殖，以供未来研究。
