Wang Chan, Yang Yuan, Zhang Jiaqi, Zhang Hanrui, Wang Qian, Ma Shengmei, Zhao Pengfei, Li Zhou, Liu Yuxin
Department of Biomedical Engineering (BME), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
Institute for Health Innovation and Technology (iHealthtech), National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2025 Jan 30:e2412140. doi: 10.1002/advs.202412140.
Theranostics, combining therapeutic and diagnostic functions, marks a revolutionary advancement in modern medicine, with microneedle technology at its forefront. This review explores the substantial developments and multifaceted applications of microneedles, which have evolved from basic transdermal drug delivery devices to sophisticated diagnostic and therapeutic platforms. Microneedles enhance access to biomarkers via interstitial fluid, enabling real-time monitoring of physiological conditions, such as glucose and hormone levels, thus facilitating continuous health tracking. The evolution of microneedle design from solid to dissolvable forms broadens their utility from mere drug delivery to complex sensing and therapeutic applications, including insulin delivery for diabetes management, vaccination, and gene therapy. This paper delves into the integration of microneedles with wearable technologies, highlighting their role in closed-loop systems that combine real-time monitoring with dynamic, precise therapeutic delivery. By addressing gaps in the literature regarding their integrated diagnostic and treatment capabilities, this review underscores the pivotal role of microneedles in personalizing medicine. It concludes with a visionary perspective on the future trajectory of microneedle technology, emphasizing its potential to revolutionize therapeutic strategies through enhanced efficacy, safety, and patient compliance.
治疗诊断学将治疗功能与诊断功能相结合，标志着现代医学的一项革命性进展，其中微针技术处于前沿地位。本综述探讨了微针的重大发展和多方面应用，微针已从基本的透皮给药装置发展成为复杂的诊断和治疗平台。微针通过组织间液增强了对生物标志物的获取，能够实时监测生理状况，如血糖和激素水平，从而便于持续的健康跟踪。微针设计从固体形式到可溶解形式的演变拓宽了其用途，从单纯的药物输送扩展到复杂的传感和治疗应用，包括用于糖尿病管理的胰岛素输送、疫苗接种和基因治疗。本文深入探讨了微针与可穿戴技术的整合，突出了它们在将实时监测与动态、精确治疗输送相结合的闭环系统中的作用。通过弥补文献中关于其综合诊断和治疗能力的空白，本综述强调了微针在个性化医疗中的关键作用。文章最后对微针技术的未来发展轨迹进行了前瞻性展望，强调其通过提高疗效、安全性和患者依从性来彻底改变治疗策略的潜力。
