Fouillen Kevin John, Clément Céline, Aous Enora, Le Goff Delphine, Le Reste Jean Yves, Guillou-Landreat Morgane
ER 7479 SPURBO, Université de Bretagne Occidentale, Brest, France.
CHU de Brest, Brest, France.
Drug Alcohol Rev. 2025 Feb;44(2):667-680. doi: 10.1111/dar.14002. Epub 2025 Jan 31.
Dentists can play a key role in screening for psychoactive substances use. This systematic review aimed to identify the knowledge, attitudes and practices of dentists related to screening for use of psychoactive substances and the facilitating factors and barriers.
According to Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses, four databases were searched until July 2024 to identify reports relating to screening for substance use by dentists. Search terms used key words relating to knowledge, attitudes or practices concerning the screening of tobacco, alcohol or any other substance use.
Twenty reports met the inclusion criteria for this review. In practice, dentists were more likely to identify tobacco use than alcohol or other substance use. Although the screening for tobacco was widely performed by dentists, the proposal of interventions was less frequent. Despite the opinion of many dentists that screening is part of their professional role, particularly tobacco, their knowledge of how to identify and intervene seemed low. Lack of knowledge or training were identified as barriers.
Identification of these factors should encourage greater diffusion of recommended tools for screening and development of initial and continuing training for dentists. These factors should convince decision-makers to help dentists to identify referral solutions, in particular coordinated care pathways, and to consider the acceptability and feasibility of the screening tools available to dentists.
Tobacco use was more frequently identified than was other substances, screening was always more frequent than interventions, and lack of training proved to be the main barriers to screening. Education and training in the screening of psychoactive substance use is a key factor in encouraging improved practices, particularly on intervention following detection and on substances other than tobacco.
牙医在筛查精神活性物质使用方面可发挥关键作用。本系统评价旨在确定牙医在筛查精神活性物质使用方面的知识、态度和实践，以及促进因素和障碍。
根据系统评价和Meta分析的首选报告项目，检索了四个数据库直至2024年7月，以识别与牙医筛查物质使用相关的报告。检索词使用了与烟草、酒精或任何其他物质使用筛查的知识、态度或实践相关的关键词。
20篇报告符合本评价的纳入标准。在实践中，牙医识别烟草使用的可能性高于酒精或其他物质使用。尽管牙医广泛开展烟草筛查，但提出干预措施的频率较低。尽管许多牙医认为筛查是其专业职责的一部分，尤其是烟草筛查，但他们在如何识别和干预方面的知识似乎不足。缺乏知识或培训被确定为障碍。
识别这些因素应促使推荐的筛查工具得到更广泛传播，并为牙医开展初始培训和继续培训。这些因素应促使决策者帮助牙医确定转诊解决方案，特别是协调护理途径，并考虑牙医可用筛查工具的可接受性和可行性。
烟草使用比其他物质更常被识别，筛查总是比干预更频繁，缺乏培训被证明是筛查的主要障碍。精神活性物质使用筛查方面的教育和培训是鼓励改进实践的关键因素，特别是在检测后干预以及烟草以外的物质方面。
