Ratti Gabriele, Facchin Alessia, Stranieri Angelica, Gazzonis Alessia, Penati Martina, Scarpa Paola, Dall'Ara Paola, Lauzi Stefania
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Lodi, Italy.
Res Vet Sci. 2025 Mar;185:105560. doi: 10.1016/j.rvsc.2025.105560. Epub 2025 Jan 27.
The spread of carbapenem-resistant bacteria is a global threat to public health and the role of pets in the rise in antimicrobial resistance is gaining attention worldwide. This study aimed to determine the fecal carriage of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC- and carbapenemase (CP)-producing E. coli and associated risk factors in healthy and unhealthy stray cats admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Lodi, University of Milan, Italy. Fecal samples collected in, 2020-2022 were microbiologically and molecularly analyzed. Overall, ESBL-/AmpC-/CP-producing E. coli were detected in 18/94 (19.1 %) stray cats. Twelve (12.8 %), 4 (4.3 %) and 7 (7.4 %) stray cats carried ESBL-, AmpC- and CP-producing E. coli phenotypes respectively, supported by the detection of bla in all ESBL-producing E. coli, bla in all AmpC-producing E. coli and bla (4/7; 57.1 %) or bla (3/7; 42.9 %) genes in CP-producing E. coli. Multiple combination of resistance genes and phenotypes were detected. MIC results showed that all E. coli were multidrug resistant isolates. Risk factors associated with ESBL-, AmpC- and/or CP-producing E. coli fecal carriage were hospitalization (P < 0.0001), antibiotic treatment during hospitalization (P < 0.0001) and unhealthy status (P < 0.0001). Fecal carriage of CP-producing E. coli is of concern and highlights the need of specific surveillance programs for CP-producing Enterobacteriaceae and antimicrobial stewardship in stray cats to reduce the emergence and spread of resistant bacteria. Limitations of this study suggest a One Health approach to characterize the whole genome of the isolates and the epidemiology of AMR bacteria among stray cats, including additional bacterial species and the environment.
耐碳青霉烯类细菌的传播是对全球公共卫生的威胁，宠物在抗菌药物耐药性上升中所起的作用正受到全球关注。本研究旨在确定意大利米兰大学洛迪兽医学院收治的健康和不健康流浪猫中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）、AmpC酶和碳青霉烯酶（CP）的大肠杆菌的粪便携带情况及相关危险因素。对2020年至2022年收集的粪便样本进行了微生物学和分子分析。总体而言，在94只流浪猫中的18只（19.1%）检测到产ESBL/AmpC/CP的大肠杆菌。分别有12只（12.8%）、4只（4.3%）和7只（7.4%）流浪猫携带产ESBL、AmpC和CP的大肠杆菌表型，所有产ESBL的大肠杆菌中bla的检测、所有产AmpC的大肠杆菌中bla的检测以及产CP的大肠杆菌中bla（4/7；57.1%）或bla（3/7；42.9%）基因的检测均支持这一结果。检测到耐药基因和表型的多种组合。MIC结果显示所有大肠杆菌均为多重耐药菌株。与产ESBL、AmpC和/或CP的大肠杆菌粪便携带相关的危险因素为住院（P<0.0001）、住院期间的抗生素治疗（P<0.0001）和不健康状态（P<0.0001）。产CP的大肠杆菌的粪便携带情况令人担忧，凸显了对流浪猫中产CP的肠杆菌科细菌进行特定监测计划以及抗菌药物管理以减少耐药菌出现和传播的必要性。本研究的局限性表明需要采用“同一健康”方法来鉴定分离株的全基因组以及流浪猫中抗菌药物耐药细菌的流行病学，包括其他细菌种类和环境。
