Facchin Alessia, Ratti Gabriele, Filipe Joel, Penati Martina, Gazzonis Alessia L, Masiero Greta, Dall'Ara Paola, Alborali Giovanni L, Lauzi Stefania
Department of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Sciences, University of Milan, Via dell'Università 6, 26900 Lodi, Italy.
Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Via Bianchi 7/9, 25124 Brescia, Italy.
Animals (Basel). 2024 Nov 21;14(23):3359. doi: 10.3390/ani14233359.
MDR bacteria are an emerging global threat to public health, and the role of dogs in the rise of antimicrobial resistance is under investigation. This study investigated the fecal shedding of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-, AmpC- and carbapenemase (CP)-producing and associated risk factors in dogs admitted to the Veterinary Teaching Hospital of Lodi, University of Milan, or other veterinary clinics and kennels in Northen Italy. Feces collected in 2020-2022 were microbiologically and molecularly analyzed. ESBL-/AmpC-/CP-producing was detected in 14/100 (14%) dogs. Eleven (11%), five (5%) and one (1%) dogs carried ESBL-, AmpC- and CP-producing phenotypes, respectively, supported by the PCR detection of and/or in ESBL-producing ; and the presence of putative low-level AmpC production in AmpC-producing ; and in CP-producing . Different combinations of resistance genes and genetic features were observed. Multidrug resistance was observed in 13/14 (92.9%) isolates. Binary logistic regression analysis showed that ESBL-/AmpC-/CP-producing fecal shedding tended to be associated with antibiotic treatment = 0.058; OR = 3.87). The detection of ESBL-/AmpC-producing , along with the presence of a carbapenemase-resistant isolate from domestic dogs, although still limited, emphasizes the need for antimicrobial stewardship and specific surveillance programs, particularly for CP-producing bacteria in companion animals.
耐多药细菌是对全球公共卫生的一种新出现的威胁，狗在抗菌素耐药性上升中的作用正在调查之中。本研究调查了米兰大学洛迪兽医学院教学医院或意大利北部其他兽医诊所及犬舍收治的犬只中产超广谱β-内酰胺酶（ESBL）、AmpC酶和碳青霉烯酶（CP）的粪便排泄情况及相关危险因素。对2020年至2022年收集的粪便进行了微生物学和分子分析。在100只犬中有14只（14%）检测到产ESBL/AmpC/CP菌。分别有11只（11%）、5只（5%）和1只（1%）犬携带产ESBL、产AmpC和产CP表型，在产ESBL菌中通过PCR检测到blaCTX-M和/或blaTEM予以支持；在产AmpC菌中存在假定的低水平AmpC产生；在产CP菌中检测到blaNDM。观察到耐药基因和遗传特征的不同组合。在14株分离菌中有13株（92.9%）观察到多重耐药。二元逻辑回归分析表明，产ESBL/AmpC/CP菌的粪便排泄往往与抗生素治疗有关（P = 0.058；OR = 3.87）。尽管数量仍然有限，但从家犬中检测到产ESBL/AmpC菌以及存在一株耐碳青霉烯酶分离菌，强调了抗菌素管理和特定监测计划的必要性，特别是针对伴侣动物中产CP菌的监测。
