Villalobos Rodríguez Andrea Patricia, Wellington Perkins Iyanna, Moosavi Shoa, de la Garza Ana, Rodríguez Ángel, McMurren Britney, Almeida Leite Juliana, Méndez-Rico Jairo, Redondo-Bravo Lidia, Blanco Reyes Miriam Esther, Astudillo Olaya, Couto Paula, Born Priscila S, Hess Sarah, Goldin Shoshanna, Lewis Hannah, Mancero Tamara, Vicari Andrea S, Rondy Marc
Health Emergencies Department, Pan American Health Organization, Washington, District of Columbia, USA.
Epidemic and Pandemic Preparedness and Prevention, World Health Organization, Geneva, Switzerland.
J Infect Dis. 2025 Mar 10;231(Supplement_2):S90-S99. doi: 10.1093/infdis/jiaf047.
To identify gaps and define priority actions to strengthen national pandemic preparedness and response plans, we assessed the concordance between national plans for respiratory pathogens against the World Health Organization (WHO) pandemic checklist and the States Parties Annual Report (SPAR) in the Americas.
In this retrospective, semiquantitative study, we reviewed the most recent respiratory pandemic plans for 35 Pan American Health Organization (PAHO) member states and assessed their concordance with (1) actionable guidelines in WHO pandemic checklist and (2) International Health Regulations (IHR) (2005) core capacities using the latest SPAR tool. We developed 25 tracking questions to identify gaps, strengths, and opportunities for improvement using a 5-point scale. We compared the average SPAR score and the Pandemic Plans score to assess areas of convergence and variance between preparedness and capacities.
We analyzed 35 respiratory pandemic plans (2005-2024): 29 were influenza specific, 5 were COVID-19 specific, and 1 was not pathogen specific. Most national plans showed limited alignment with the content recommended in the pandemic checklist. The lowest concordance between plans and checklist was in public health and social measures (80% of plans with score of 1); emergency, logistics and supply chain management (74%); and research and development (71%). Conversely, the strongest subcomponents were policy, legal, and normative instruments (45% of plans with score 4 or 5); coordination (46%); and surveillance: early detection and assessment (43%).
It is recommended that countries build on the strengths of their national pandemic preparedness and response plans and update them using PRET module 1. This will support countries advance the capacities required by the IHR.
为找出加强国家大流行防范和应对计划方面的差距并确定优先行动，我们评估了美洲国家针对呼吸道病原体的国家计划与世界卫生组织（WHO）大流行清单以及缔约国年度报告（SPAR）之间的一致性。
在这项回顾性半定量研究中，我们审查了35个泛美卫生组织（PAHO）成员国的最新呼吸道大流行计划，并使用最新的SPAR工具评估它们与（1）WHO大流行清单中的可操作指南以及（2）《国际卫生条例》（2005年）核心能力的一致性。我们制定了25个追踪问题，使用5分制来确定差距、优势和改进机会。我们比较了平均SPAR分数和大流行计划分数，以评估防范措施和能力之间的趋同和差异领域。
我们分析了35份呼吸道大流行计划（2005 - 2024年）：29份是针对流感的，5份是针对COVID - 19的，1份不针对特定病原体。大多数国家计划与大流行清单中推荐的内容一致性有限。计划与清单之间一致性最低的是公共卫生和社会措施（80%的计划得分为1）；应急、物流和供应链管理（74%）；以及研发（71%）。相反，最强的子部分是政策、法律和规范性文书（45%的计划得分为4或5）；协调（46%）；以及监测：早期发现和评估（43%）。
建议各国利用其国家大流行防范和应对计划的优势，并使用PRET模块1进行更新。这将支持各国提升《国际卫生条例》要求的能力。
