Gu Yiwen, Xu Ke, Chen Zhuoran, Lu Yanxu, Fang Shuguang, Hu Kun, Ju Xin, Li Liangzhi, Chen Zhi
School of Chemistry and Life Sciences, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, No. 99 Xuefu Road, Huqiu District, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
School of Business, Suzhou University of Science and Technology, Suzhou, 215009, Jiangsu, China.
Curr Microbiol. 2025 Feb 4;82(3):115. doi: 10.1007/s00284-025-04092-6.
The safety of probiotics in aquaculture, particularly concerning the transfer of antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs), has become a significant concern. This study aims to isolate antibiotic-sensitive Bacillus strains from the gut of Penaeus vannamei and evaluate the potential for practical application in shrimp farming. The strain was tested for antibiotic sensitivity to 10 commonly used antibiotics, and the minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values were determined. Morphological analysis and 16S rRNA sequencing confirmed its identity. The probiotic properties, antibacterial activity, and feeding effects on P. vannamei were also assessed. The results showed that Bacillus sp. J3 and Lysinibacillus sp. R4 were generally sensitive to antibiotics but resistant to sulfapyridine and ciprofloxacin. Both strains exhibited acid and bile salt resistance in vitro and performed well in extracellular hydrolase tests. J3 demonstrated co-coagulation effects against Aeromonas veronii, Vibrio parahaemolyticus, and Vibrio alginolyticus, with coagulation rates over 35%, while R4 showed the highest co-coagulation rate (47%) against V. alginolyticus. Both strains exhibited strong antibacterial activity, with inhibition zones ranging from 20 to 22.5 mm. Preliminary shrimp farming tests showed that R4 improved shrimp growth and survival rates compared to the control, and its combination with Bacillus coagulans resulted in even greater efficacy. These findings suggest that Lysinibacillus sp. R4 holds promise as a probiotic for enhancing P. vannamei growth, and future research could explore the use of multiple probiotic combinations in aquaculture.
益生菌在水产养殖中的安全性，尤其是关于抗生素抗性基因（ARGs）的转移，已成为一个重大问题。本研究旨在从凡纳滨对虾肠道中分离出对抗生素敏感的芽孢杆菌菌株，并评估其在对虾养殖中的实际应用潜力。对该菌株进行了对10种常用抗生素的药敏试验，并测定了最低抑菌浓度（MIC）值。形态学分析和16S rRNA测序确认了其身份。还评估了该益生菌的特性、抗菌活性以及对凡纳滨对虾的投喂效果。结果表明，芽孢杆菌属J3菌株和赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属R4菌株一般对抗生素敏感，但对磺胺吡啶和环丙沙星耐药。两株菌在体外均表现出耐酸和耐胆盐能力，且在胞外水解酶试验中表现良好。J3对维氏气单胞菌、副溶血性弧菌和溶藻弧菌表现出共凝聚作用，凝聚率超过35%，而R4对溶藻弧菌表现出最高的共凝聚率（47%）。两株菌均表现出较强的抗菌活性，抑菌圈范围为20至22.5毫米。对虾养殖初步试验表明，与对照组相比，R4提高了对虾的生长率和存活率，并且其与凝结芽孢杆菌联合使用效果更佳。这些研究结果表明，赖氨酸芽孢杆菌属R4菌株有望作为一种益生菌来促进凡纳滨对虾生长，未来的研究可以探索在水产养殖中使用多种益生菌组合。
