Makrygiannis Ioannis H, Nikolaidis Alexandros K, Tilaveridis Ioannis, Kouvelas Alexis D, Lykakis Ioannis Ν, Venetis Gregory
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Division of Dental Tissues' Pathology and Therapeutics (Basic Dental Sciences, Endodontology and Operative Dentistry), School of Dentistry, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki, Greece.
Clin Oral Investig. 2025 Feb 4;29(2):109. doi: 10.1007/s00784-025-06176-w.
Clinicians have access to a variety of suture materials for effective wound repair. Recent studies have suggested utilizing coatings on sutures to enhance their properties. Literature indicates that such coatings may improve the tensile strength of sutures and augment their antimicrobial capabilities. Various materials, including zinc oxide (ZnO) nanoparticles, silver nanoparticles, and antimicrobial agents, have been investigated. This study aims to elucidate the materials utilized for coating sutures, identify the types of sutures employed, and detail the properties imparted by each coating.
A systematic search was conducted in the Scopus, Web of Science, and PubMed databases using the keywords "coat*," "sutures," and "oral surgery."
20 articles met the inclusion criteria and were incorporated into this review. The literature is sparse regarding comparative studies on sutures with specific coatings. Triclosan-coated sutures have not shown a significant reduction in microbial load in oral surgery. However, silver nanoparticle coatings have been effective in reducing wound contamination. Antiseptic-coated silk sutures demonstrated significantly lower microbial colonization compared to controls. Notably, sutures with lycopene coatings did not exhibit superior antimicrobial or mechanical properties to uncoated sutures. ZnO nanoparticle-coated silk fibers displayed higher tensile strength than their uncoated counterparts. Other coatings, such as silicone or wax, have been developed to reduce suture friction.
In oral surgery, the effectiveness of coatings remains limited, potentially due to the high microbial load present in the anatomical region. Many coated materials are available for use in oral surgical sutures, but further research is necessary. Timely removal of sutures is recommended to minimize the risk of surgical wound infections, along with maintaining good oral hygiene.
临床医生可获取多种用于有效伤口修复的缝合材料。近期研究表明，在缝合线上使用涂层可增强其性能。文献显示，此类涂层可提高缝合线的拉伸强度并增强其抗菌能力。包括氧化锌（ZnO）纳米颗粒、银纳米颗粒和抗菌剂在内的各种材料已被研究。本研究旨在阐明用于缝合线涂层的材料，确定所使用的缝合线类型，并详细说明每种涂层赋予的性能。
在Scopus、科学网和PubMed数据库中使用关键词“coat*”、“sutures”和“oral surgery”进行系统检索。
20篇文章符合纳入标准并被纳入本综述。关于具有特定涂层的缝合线的比较研究的文献较少。在口腔手术中，三氯生涂层缝合线并未显示出微生物负荷的显著降低。然而，银纳米颗粒涂层在减少伤口污染方面是有效的。与对照组相比，抗菌涂层丝线的微生物定植显著更低。值得注意的是，番茄红素涂层缝合线在抗菌或机械性能方面并不优于未涂层的缝合线。氧化锌纳米颗粒涂层的丝纤维比未涂层的丝纤维具有更高的拉伸强度。还开发了其他涂层，如硅酮或蜡，以减少缝合线摩擦。
在口腔手术中，涂层的有效性仍然有限，这可能是由于该解剖区域存在的高微生物负荷所致。许多涂层材料可用于口腔手术缝合线，但仍需进一步研究。建议及时拆除缝合线，以尽量减少手术伤口感染的风险，同时保持良好的口腔卫生。
