Khodadadi Davar, Azimi Farhad, Eghbal Moghanlou Abdorreza, Gursoy Recep, Demirli Abdullah, Jalali Parham, Behdari Reza, Seyedheydari Maryam
Faculty of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, Islamic Azad University Central Tehran Branch, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Physical Education and Sports Sciences, University of Mohaghegh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran.
Sports Health. 2025 Feb 4:19417381251315093. doi: 10.1177/19417381251315093.
Acute caffeine ingestion can improve exercise performance. Interplay between caffeine habituation and training status on the performance-enhancing effect of caffeine is unknown.
Habitual caffeine consumption and training status affect the ergogenicity of pre-exercise caffeine intake on exercise performance.
Double-blind, placebo-controlled, counterbalanced experimental design.
Level 3.
Eighty physically inactive men were randomized into 1 of 4 groups: caffeine supplementation (CAF), caffeine supplementation + exercise training (CAFEXE), placebo (PLA), and placebo + exercise training (PLAEXE); high-intensity interval training and caffeine were administered for 9 and 8 weeks, respectively. Data were collected pre-test, mid-test, post-test, and delayed post-test, each including 2 experiment sessions (3 mg/kg caffeine or placebo), with an additional experiment session post-test (6 mg/kg caffeine). In each experiment session, 45-min after consuming a placebo or caffeine, a 3-km running test and a Wingate power test were performed.
Pre-exercise ingestion of 3 mg/kg caffeine improved 3-km running time and mean power output (MPO) in all groups at all stages ( < 0.05); this effect was higher in trained than in untrained volunteers ( < 0.05). Habitual caffeine consumption reduced the ergogenic effect of caffeine in both aerobic and anaerobic trials ( < 0.05); 6 mg/kg caffeine enhanced this decrease only in CAFEXE ( < 0.05). Short-term caffeine withdrawal augmented the reduced ergogenic effect of caffeine on 3-km running performance and MPO in CAF and CAFEXE ( < 0.05).
Habituation to caffeine and training status could partially influence the ergogenic effects of caffeine on exercise performance.
Regular caffeine consumption leads to some degree of tolerance and decreases its ergogenicity. A pre-exercise increase in caffeine dosage in trained people and short-term caffeine withdrawal in both trained and untrained people could compensate for the reduced caffeine ergogenicity in young men.
急性摄入咖啡因可提高运动表现。咖啡因习惯化与训练状态之间对咖啡因提高运动表现作用的相互影响尚不清楚。
习惯性咖啡因摄入和训练状态会影响运动前摄入咖啡因对运动表现的增强作用。
双盲、安慰剂对照、平衡实验设计。
3级。
80名缺乏运动的男性被随机分为4组中的1组：咖啡因补充组（CAF）、咖啡因补充+运动训练组（CAFEXE）、安慰剂组（PLA）和安慰剂+运动训练组（PLAEXE）；高强度间歇训练和咖啡因补充分别进行9周和8周。在测试前、测试中期、测试后和测试后延迟期收集数据，每个阶段包括2个实验环节（3毫克/千克咖啡因或安慰剂），测试后还有1个额外的实验环节（6毫克/千克咖啡因）。在每个实验环节中，服用安慰剂或咖啡因45分钟后，进行3公里跑步测试和温盖特功率测试。
运动前摄入3毫克/千克咖啡因可改善所有组在各阶段的3公里跑步时间和平均功率输出（MPO）（P<0.05）；训练有素的志愿者的这种效果高于未训练的志愿者（P<0.05）。习惯性咖啡因摄入在有氧和无氧试验中均降低了咖啡因的增强作用（P<0.05）；6毫克/千克咖啡因仅在CAFEXE组增强了这种降低作用（P<0.05）。短期咖啡因戒断增强了CAF组和CAFEXE组中咖啡因对3公里跑步表现和MPO降低的增强作用（P<0.05）。
对咖啡因的习惯化和训练状态可能部分影响咖啡因对运动表现的增强作用。
经常摄入咖啡因会导致一定程度的耐受性并降低其增强作用。训练有素的人运动前增加咖啡因剂量以及训练有素和未训练的人短期戒断咖啡因可弥补年轻男性中咖啡因增强作用的降低。
