Tanasache Oana-Adelina, Law Cherry, Smith Richard D, Cummins Steven, de Bekker-Grob Esther W, Swait Joffre, Donkers Bas, Cornelsen Laura
Department of Public Health, Environments and Society, London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, 15-17 Tavistock Place, WC1H 9SH, London, UK.
Department of Agri-Food Economics and Marketing, University of Reading, Whiteknights House, Reading, RG6 6UR, UK.
Appetite. 2025 Mar 1;207:107894. doi: 10.1016/j.appet.2025.107894. Epub 2025 Feb 3.
Eating out-of-home is linked to higher calorie intake and body weight, risk factors for obesity, diabetes and other diseases. This study examined whether providing calorie information on online takeaway food menus leads to lower-calorie food choices. A Menu-based Choice Experiment was conducted in November 2022 among 1040 online takeaway consumers in England (Kantar's Worldpanel Out of Home Purchase Panel). Each participant chose their preferred items from ten hypothetical menus including starters/sides, mains, desserts, and drinks. Participants were randomly allocated to a group in which the ten menus included either: a) no calorie information (group A); b) individual item calorie content (group B); or c) individual item and total calorie content (group C). An orthogonal design was used to create the menus and the probability of choosing each of the food items was estimated using a Multivariate Probit Model (MVP). There was no statistically significant difference in calories ordered by respondents in group B or group C in comparison to the control group. by. While group B and C had on average a greater likelihood of choosing low-calorie items compared to group A, the effect was only statistically significant for the low-calorie main for respondents over 55 years old in group C in comparison to the control. For these respondents, calorie information increased the probability of choosing the low-calorie main by 11.1pp (p < 0.001). We found no evidence that including a calorie counter had a larger impact on food choices than providing calorie information for individual items. Choices were relatively inelastic to price changes although main meals were more price sensitive (own-price elasticity -0.5 to -0.62) compared to starters, deserts and drinks (-0.22 to -0.39).
外出就餐与更高的卡路里摄入量和体重相关，而这是肥胖、糖尿病和其他疾病的风险因素。本研究调查了在在线外卖食品菜单上提供卡路里信息是否会导致选择热量更低的食物。2022年11月，对英格兰的1040名在线外卖消费者（康德世界面板户外购买面板）进行了一项基于菜单的选择实验。每位参与者从十个假设菜单中选择他们喜欢的菜品，包括开胃菜/配菜、主菜、甜点和饮料。参与者被随机分配到一个组，这十个菜单包括：a）无卡路里信息（A组）；b）单品卡路里含量（B组）；或c）单品和总卡路里含量（C组）。采用正交设计创建菜单，并使用多元概率模型（MVP）估计选择每种食物的概率。与对照组相比，B组或C组受访者订购的卡路里没有统计学上的显著差异。虽然与A组相比，B组和C组平均选择低热量菜品的可能性更大，但与对照组相比，只有C组中55岁以上受访者的低热量主菜选择效果具有统计学显著性。对于这些受访者，卡路里信息使选择低热量主菜的概率提高了11.1个百分点（p<0.001）。我们没有发现证据表明包含卡路里计数器对食物选择的影响比为单品提供卡路里信息更大。选择对价格变化的弹性相对较小，尽管主餐比开胃菜、甜点和饮料对价格更敏感（自身价格弹性为-0.5至-0.62，而开胃菜、甜点和饮料为-0.22至-0.39）。
