Song Bing, Tria Fernando D K, Skejo Josip
College of Animal Science and Technology, Northwest A&F University, Xianyang, China.
Institute of Molecular Evolution, Heinrich-Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätstraße 1, Düsseldorf, Germany.
Sci Data. 2025 Feb 5;12(1):218. doi: 10.1038/s41597-025-04524-9.
Cellulose is a carbon source widespread in nature. However, it is a difficult task for any organism to get carbon atoms from the cellulose as it has a highly complex structure. Only a few taxonomic groups are known to decompose cellulose. They do it by producing cellulases, the various enzymes which break beta-glycosidic bonds in the cellulose. Cellulases were identified in 1,735 metagenomes from 225 bioprojects. The set of 12,837 metagenome-derived cellulases encompass three catalytic functions: exoglucanases (CBH, 1,042), endoglucanases (EG, 5,685), and beta-glucosidases (βG, 6,110). All three enzymatic functions are thought to be necessary for driving cellulase to a cascade of reactions that can make cellulose available as glucose. These metagenome-derived cellulases were clustered into protein families for each EC category individually, resulting in a total of 136 clusters, with the majority observed for EG (97 clusters), followed by βG (19 clusters) and CBH (19 clusters). These clusters provided a useful cellulase dataset for future research on cellulase utilization.
纤维素是自然界中广泛存在的碳源。然而，由于其结构高度复杂，任何生物体要从纤维素中获取碳原子都是一项艰巨的任务。已知只有少数分类群能够分解纤维素。它们通过产生纤维素酶来实现，纤维素酶是一类能分解纤维素中β-糖苷键的各种酶。在来自225个生物项目的1735个宏基因组中鉴定出了纤维素酶。这组12837个源自宏基因组的纤维素酶具有三种催化功能：外切葡聚糖酶（CBH，1042个）、内切葡聚糖酶（EG，5685个）和β-葡萄糖苷酶（βG，6110个）。所有这三种酶促功能被认为是驱动纤维素酶进行一系列反应以使纤维素可转化为葡萄糖所必需的。这些源自宏基因组的纤维素酶被分别聚类到每个酶委员会（EC）类别的蛋白质家族中，总共形成了136个簇，其中大多数是EG（97个簇），其次是βG（19个簇）和CBH（19个簇）。这些簇为未来纤维素酶利用研究提供了一个有用的纤维素酶数据集。
