姑息护理护士的共同决策能力及其相关因素：一项中国的横断面研究。
Shared decision-making competency and its associated factors among palliative care nurses: a cross-sectional study in China.
作者信息
Guo Junchen, Jiang Sishan, Dai Yunyun, Xu Xianghua, Liu Chaoyi, Chen Yongyi
机构信息
Department of Palliative care, Hunan Cancer Hospital, No.283, Tongzipo Road, Yuel District, Changsha, Hunan, 410006, China.
School of Nursing, University of Wollongong, Wollongong, Australia.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2025 Feb 6;24(1):141. doi: 10.1186/s12912-025-02747-0.
BACKGROUND
The role of nurses in shared decision-making (SDM) within the healthcare decision-making process has increasingly gained attention The ability of nurses to engage in effective SDM can significantly impact patient outcomes and satisfaction with care. Given the palliative care continues to evolve, this study aimed to investigate the level of SDM competency and explore associated factors among palliative care nurses in China.
METHODS
A cross-sectional study was conducted between June and July 2024. The convenience sample was recruited from five online Chinese palliative care nurse groups. Anonymous data were collected through a self-designed sociodemographic questionnaire, the Shared Decision-Making Competency Scale (SDMCS) and the Empathy Ability Scale (EAS). Multivariate linear regression was performed to explore the factors associated with SDM competency.
RESULTS
A total of 429 palliative care nurses from 30 provinces or municipalities across China participated in this study. The Chinese palliative care nurses had a high level of SDM competency (mean total SDMCS 211.72 ± 25.75) and high empathic ability (EA), (mean total EAS 132.63 ± 20.30). There was a positive correlation between EA and SDM competency (r = 0.704, P < 0.01). The EA (β = 0.683, P<0.001), experiences of SDM training (β=-0.155, P<0.001) and educational background (β=-0.142, P = 0.007) were statistically significant factors influencing nurses' SDM competency based on multiple linear regression analysis. These associated factors could explain 55.4% of the difference in SDM competency.
CONCLUSIONS
This study found that palliative care nurses in China exhibited high levels of SDM competency and a high level of EA. Nurses with postgraduate education, SDM training experience, and high EA demonstrated higher levels of SDM competency compared to those without these attributes. The findings underscore the importance of incorporating structured SDM training programs in nursing education and professional development initiatives, particularly focused on building empathy skills.
背景
护士在医疗决策过程中的共同决策（SDM）中的作用日益受到关注。护士进行有效共同决策的能力会显著影响患者的治疗结果和对护理的满意度。鉴于姑息治疗不断发展，本研究旨在调查中国姑息治疗护士的共同决策能力水平，并探索相关因素。
方法
于2024年6月至7月进行了一项横断面研究。便利样本来自五个中国在线姑息治疗护士群组。通过自行设计的社会人口学问卷、共同决策能力量表（SDMCS）和共情能力量表（EAS）收集匿名数据。进行多元线性回归以探索与共同决策能力相关的因素。
结果
来自中国30个省或直辖市的429名姑息治疗护士参与了本研究。中国姑息治疗护士具有较高的共同决策能力（SDMCS总分均值211.72±25.75）和较高的共情能力（EA）（EAS总分均值132.63±20.30）。EA与共同决策能力之间存在正相关（r = 0.704，P < 0.01）。基于多元线性回归分析，EA（β = 0.683，P < 0.001）、共同决策培训经历（β = -0.155，P < 0.001）和教育背景（β = -0.142，P = 0.007）是影响护士共同决策能力的统计学显著因素。这些相关因素可以解释共同决策能力差异的55.4%。
结论
本研究发现中国姑息治疗护士表现出较高水平的共同决策能力和较高水平的EA。与没有这些特征的护士相比，具有研究生学历、共同决策培训经历和高EA的护士表现出更高水平的共同决策能力。研究结果强调了在护理教育和专业发展举措中纳入结构化共同决策培训项目的重要性，特别是侧重于培养共情技能。
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