Oba Patrícia M, Swanson Olivia R, Kang Yifei, Mioto Julio C, Menton John F, Vinay Elena, Millette Mathieu, Kelly Melissa R, Swanson Kelly S
Department of Animal Sciences, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
Roy J. Carver Biotechnology Center, University of Illinois Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, IL 61801, USA.
J Anim Sci. 2025 Jan 4;103. doi: 10.1093/jas/skaf038.
Gastrointestinal and stool quality issues are common in companion animals. In addition to dietary fibers and prebiotics, the consumption of live microorganisms may be used to support the gastrointestinal health of pets. Spore-forming Bacillus species are gaining interest due to their viability during processing, storage, and within the gastrointestinal tract. The objective of the current study was to determine the effects of B. subtilis ATCC PTA-122264 supplementation on dietary apparent total tract macronutrient digestibility and the fecal characteristics, metabolites, and microbiota of healthy adult dogs. Twelve healthy adult beagle dogs (6 ± 1.14 yr; 8.71 ± 0.91 kg body weight) were used in a replicated 3 × 3 Latin square design. Dogs were fed to maintain body weight and allotted to 1 of the 3 treatments each experimental period (n = 12/treatment): Control [kibble diet + placebo (1.25 g of maltodextrin)], Low [kibble diet + 1 × 109 colony-forming units (CFU)/d of B. subtilis], and High (kibble diet + 5 × 109 CFU/d of B. subtilis). Each experimental period was composed of a 22-d adaptation phase, 5-d fecal collection phase, and 1 d for blood collection. Fecal microbiota data were evaluated using QIIME2. All other data were analyzed using the Mixed Models procedure of SAS, with P < 0.05 being considered significant. B. subtilis supplementation tended to decrease (P < 0.10) apparent total tract dry matter, organic matter, and energy digestibilities but did not influence food or energy intake, fecal output, and apparent total tract protein or fat digestibilities. Most serum metabolites, hematology, fecal characteristics, and fecal bacterial alpha and beta diversity indices were not affected. Fecal dysbiosis index tended to be affected and fecal Streptococcus, Escherichia coli, and Blautia abundances were lower (P < 0.05) in dogs allotted to the Low treatment. These data suggest that daily supplementation of up to 5 × 109 CFU/d of B. subtilis ATCC PTA-122264 is safe and does not affect markers of general health and fecal characteristics of healthy dogs, warranting further exploration.
胃肠道和粪便质量问题在伴侣动物中很常见。除膳食纤维和益生元外，食用活微生物也可用于维持宠物的胃肠道健康。形成芽孢的芽孢杆菌属因其在加工、储存和胃肠道内的生存能力而受到关注。本研究的目的是确定补充枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC PTA - 122264对健康成年犬日粮表观总道常量营养素消化率以及粪便特征、代谢产物和微生物群的影响。12只健康成年比格犬（6 ± 1.14岁；体重8.71 ± 0.91千克）采用重复的3×3拉丁方设计。犬只按维持体重进行饲喂，并在每个试验期分配到3种处理中的1种（每种处理n = 12）：对照组[干粮 + 安慰剂（1.25克麦芽糊精）]、低剂量组[干粮 + 1×10⁹ 菌落形成单位（CFU）/天的枯草芽孢杆菌]和高剂量组（干粮 + 5×10⁹ CFU/天的枯草芽孢杆菌）。每个试验期包括22天的适应期、5天的粪便收集期和1天的采血期。粪便微生物群数据使用QIIME2进行评估。所有其他数据使用SAS的混合模型程序进行分析，P < 0.05被认为具有显著性。补充枯草芽孢杆菌有降低（P < 0.10）表观总道干物质、有机物和能量消化率的趋势，但不影响食物或能量摄入量、粪便产量以及表观总道蛋白质或脂肪消化率。大多数血清代谢产物、血液学指标、粪便特征以及粪便细菌的α和β多样性指数均未受影响。粪便失调指数有受影响的趋势，分配到低剂量处理组的犬只粪便中的链球菌、大肠杆菌和布劳特氏菌丰度较低（P < 0.05）。这些数据表明，每日补充高达5×10⁹ CFU/天的枯草芽孢杆菌ATCC PTA - 122264是安全的，且不影响健康犬只的总体健康指标和粪便特征，值得进一步探索。
