Navalón-González María, Montenegro-Espinosa José Adrián, Gutiérrez-Espinoza Héctor, Olivares-Arancibia Jorge, Yañéz-Sepúlveda Rodrigo, Duclos-Bastías Daniel, Garrido-Miguel Miriam, Mesas Arthur Eumann, López-Gil José Francisco, Jiménez-López Estela
Health and Social Research Center, Universidad de Castilla-La Mancha, Cuenca, Spain.
One Health Research Group, Universidad de las Américas, Quito, Ecuador.
Front Behav Neurosci. 2025 Jan 24;19:1512535. doi: 10.3389/fnbeh.2025.1512535. eCollection 2025.
The current study aims to provide a comprehensive analysis of the relationships between social network (SN) use, messaging apps use, and addictive behaviors related to SNs, and sleep-related problems in a sample of Spanish adolescents.
This was a cross-sectional study using data from the Eating Healthy and Daily Life Activities (EHDLA) project, which involved adolescents aged 12-17 years from three secondary schools in (Region of Murcia, Spain). A sample of 632 adolescents was studied. The use of SN (i.e., Facebook, Twitter, Instagram, Snapchat or TikTok) or messaging applications (i.e., WhatsApp) was assessed via a scale including one item for each SN, in which adolescents were asked what type of SN they used and the usage profile of each SN. The Short Social Networks Addiction Scale-6 Symptoms (SNAddS-6S) was used to determine SN addictive behaviors. Generalized linear regression analyses with a negative binomial distribution were performed to determine the associations of SN use or SN addictive behaviors with sleep-related problems. These analyses were adjusted for age, sex, body mass index, socioeconomic level, physical activity, sedentary behavior, and adherence to the Mediterranean diet.
Higher SN use was related to greater presence of sleep-related problems [prevalence ratio (PR) = 1.04; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.01-1.07; = 0.015]. Additionally, the higher the score on the addictive behaviors toward SN use scale was, the more sleep-related problems were identified (PR = 1.15; 95% Cl 1.09 to 1.21; < 0.001). Specifically, only the use of Twitter was significantly associated with sleep-related problems (PR = 1.10; 95% Cl 1.01 to 1.21; = 0.035). In terms of addictive behaviors related to SN use, mood modification, relapse, withdrawal, and conflict were significantly associated with sleep-related problems (mood modification: PR = 1.58; 95% CI 1.36 to 1.84; < 0.001; relapse: PR = 1.24; 95% CI 1.07 to 1.43; = 0.004; withdrawal: PR = 1.28; 95% CI 1.08 to 1.51; = 0.004; conflict: PR = 1.19; 95% CI 1.01 to 1.39; = 0.037).
Our results suggest a relationship between SN use, SN addictive behaviors, and sleep-related problems in adolescents. These cross-sectional results should be confirmed in longitudinal and intervention studies.
本研究旨在全面分析西班牙青少年样本中社交网络（SN）使用、即时通讯应用使用与SN相关成瘾行为以及睡眠相关问题之间的关系。
这是一项横断面研究，使用了来自“健康饮食与日常生活活动”（EHDLA）项目的数据，该项目涉及西班牙穆尔西亚地区三所中学的12至17岁青少年。对632名青少年样本进行了研究。通过一个量表评估SN（即脸书、推特、照片墙、色拉布或抖音）或即时通讯应用（即瓦次普）的使用情况，该量表为每个SN包含一个项目，询问青少年使用的SN类型以及每个SN的使用情况。使用简短社交网络成瘾量表-6症状（SNAddS-6S）来确定SN成瘾行为。进行了具有负二项分布的广义线性回归分析，以确定SN使用或SN成瘾行为与睡眠相关问题之间的关联。这些分析对年龄、性别、体重指数、社会经济水平、体育活动、久坐行为和对地中海饮食的依从性进行了调整。
更高的SN使用与更多睡眠相关问题的存在有关[患病率比（PR）=1.04；95%置信区间（CI）1.01 - 1.07；P = 0.015]。此外，对SN使用的成瘾行为量表得分越高，识别出的睡眠相关问题就越多（PR = 1.15；95% Cl 1.09至1.21；P < 0.001）。具体而言，仅推特的使用与睡眠相关问题显著相关（PR = 1.10；95% Cl 1.01至1.21；P = 0.035）。就与SN使用相关的成瘾行为而言，情绪改变、复发、戒断和冲突与睡眠相关问题显著相关（情绪改变：PR = 1.58；95% CI 1.36至1.84；P < 0.001；复发：PR = 1.24；95% CI 1.07至1.43；P = 0.004；戒断：PR = 1.28；95% CI 1.08至1.51；P = 0.004；冲突：PR = 1.19；95% CI 1.01至1.39；P = 0.037）。
我们的结果表明青少年中SN使用、SN成瘾行为与睡眠相关问题之间存在关联。这些横断面结果应在纵向和干预研究中得到证实。
