Pajač Živković Ivana, Čirjak Dana, Hojsak Luka, Vrček Barbara, Suazo Manuel J, Benitez Hugo A, Lemic Darija
Department of Agricultural Zoology, University of Zagreb Faculty of Agriculture, Zagreb, Croatia.
Instituto de Alta Investigación, Universidad de Tarapacá, Arica, Chile.
J Insect Sci. 2025 Jan 20;25(1). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/ieaf005.
The olive fruit fly, Bactrocera oleae (Rossi), is the most important widespread pest in olive-growing areas worldwide, causing significant yield losses and deterioration of olive oil quality. This study hypothesized that olive cultivars differ in their susceptibility to B.oleae and that the cultivar in which the pest develops may affect population variability. The primary goal was to assess susceptibility across 6 olive cultivars, while the secondary goal was to analyze population variability using geometric morphometrics to identify cultivar-specific phenotypic differences. Conducted at 2 sites, Banjevci (Dalmatia) and Vodnjan (Istria), the study revealed significant differences in infestation levels, emergence, and wing morphology. Higher humidity in Vodnjan favored increased fly populations. Larger-fruited cultivars such as Oblica, Istarska bjelica, and Ascolana tenera experienced higher infestation rates, whereas smaller-fruited cultivars like Frantoio and Leccino exhibited lower infestation levels. Wing shape analysis highlighted sexual dimorphism, with female flies exhibiting broader wings that may enhance dispersal and oviposition efficiency, particularly in larger fruits. The observed phenotypic plasticity of B. oleae across cultivars and locations indicates an ability to adapt to varied host and cultivation conditions, enhancing pest resilience. The findings underscore the role of cultivar selection as a passive pest management strategy and demonstrate the utility of geometric morphometrics in capturing cultivar-specific morphological adaptations.
地中海实蝇（Bactrocera oleae (Rossi)）是全球橄榄种植区分布最广、最重要的害虫，会导致橄榄产量大幅损失以及橄榄油品质下降。本研究假设不同橄榄品种对地中海实蝇的易感性存在差异，且害虫发育所在的品种可能会影响种群变异性。主要目标是评估6个橄榄品种的易感性，次要目标是使用几何形态测量学分析种群变异性，以识别品种特异性表型差异。该研究在两个地点进行，分别是巴涅夫奇（达尔马提亚）和沃德纳（伊斯特拉），结果显示在侵染水平、羽化情况和翅形态方面存在显著差异。沃德纳较高的湿度有利于果蝇种群数量增加。果实较大的品种，如奥布利察、伊斯特拉白橄榄和阿斯科拉纳·泰内拉，遭受的侵染率较高，而果实较小的品种，如弗留利和莱基诺，侵染水平较低。翅形分析突出了两性异形，雌蝇的翅膀更宽，这可能会提高扩散和产卵效率，尤其是在较大果实中。在地中海实蝇跨品种和地点观察到的表型可塑性表明其有能力适应不同的寄主和栽培条件，增强了害虫的适应能力。研究结果强调了品种选择作为一种被动害虫管理策略的作用，并证明了几何形态测量学在捕捉品种特异性形态适应方面的实用性。
