Gentile Micaela, Manenti Lucio
UO Nefrologia, Dipartimento di Medicina e Chirurgia, Università di Parma, 43126 Parma, Italy.
Nephrology Unit, Azienda Sociosanitaria Liguria 5, 19121 La Spezia, Italy.
J Clin Med. 2025 Jan 22;14(3):702. doi: 10.3390/jcm14030702.
The complement system includes soluble and cell surface proteins and is an important arm of the innate immune system. Once activated, the complement system rapidly generates proteins with inflammatory and vasoactive activities. Although complement is crucial to host defense and homeostasis, its inappropriate or uncontrolled activation can also drive tissue injury. Glomerulopathy encompasses a spectrum of diseases with diverse etiologies, clinical presentations, and outcomes. Among the intricate web of factors contributing to glomerulopathies pathogenesis, the role of complement activation has emerged as a focal point of research interest and therapeutic intervention. The pioneer drug was eculizumab, which made it possible to drastically change the prognosis of atypical hemolytic uremic syndrome, an otherwise fatal disease. This comprehensive review aims to elucidate the multifaceted interplay between complement pathways and glomerulopathies, shedding light on potential pathways for targeted therapies and improved patient care.
补体系统包括可溶性蛋白和细胞表面蛋白，是固有免疫系统的重要组成部分。一旦被激活，补体系统会迅速产生具有炎症和血管活性的蛋白质。虽然补体对于宿主防御和内环境稳定至关重要，但其不适当或不受控制的激活也会导致组织损伤。肾小球病包括一系列病因、临床表现和预后各异的疾病。在导致肾小球病发病机制的复杂因素网络中，补体激活的作用已成为研究兴趣和治疗干预的焦点。先驱药物是依库珠单抗，它使彻底改变非典型溶血性尿毒症综合征（一种原本致命的疾病）的预后成为可能。这篇综述旨在阐明补体途径与肾小球病之间多方面的相互作用，为靶向治疗的潜在途径和改善患者护理提供线索。
