Siaravas Konstantinos C, Moula Amalia I, Tzourtzos Ioannis S, Ballas Christos E, Katsouras Christos S
Department of Cardiology, University Hospital of Ioannina, 45500 Ioannina, Greece.
Achilopouleio General Hospital of Volos, 38222 Volos, Greece.
Cancers (Basel). 2025 Feb 5;17(3):541. doi: 10.3390/cancers17030541.
Patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) have a higher propensity for adverse cardiovascular outcomes, primarily due to the toxic effects of chemotherapeutic agents. The purpose of this systematic review is to explore the association of acute myeloid leukemia treatment with adverse cardiovascular events. We systematically screened the literature for studies providing comparative data on cardiovascular toxicities in patients treated for acute myeloid leukemia. After the initial search, 3649 papers were screened and a final total number of 46 were included for the review process. Common chemotherapeutic agents used in AML may cause cardiovascular (CV) toxicities. A plethora of pathophysiological mechanisms are incriminated for these effects. Drug combinations may increase the risk in a synergistic way. In addition, common mutations of AML, personal history of previous cardiovascular disease and impaired heart function carry an increased complication risk. Biomarkers, as well as multimodality imaging, may be used for the early detection of cardiovascular toxicities. Increased risks of CV toxicity and comorbidities are observed among AML patients. With all the available diagnostic modalities, early detection and CV prevention strategies can improve the patient's prognosis and quality of life.
急性髓系白血病（AML）患者发生不良心血管事件的倾向较高，主要是由于化疗药物的毒性作用。本系统评价的目的是探讨急性髓系白血病治疗与不良心血管事件之间的关联。我们系统地筛选了文献，以寻找有关接受急性髓系白血病治疗患者心血管毒性的比较数据。初步检索后，筛选了3649篇论文，最终共有46篇纳入综述过程。AML中常用的化疗药物可能会导致心血管（CV）毒性。这些作用涉及多种病理生理机制。药物联合使用可能会以协同方式增加风险。此外，AML的常见突变、既往心血管疾病个人史以及心脏功能受损会增加并发症风险。生物标志物以及多模态成像可用于心血管毒性的早期检测。AML患者中观察到CV毒性和合并症风险增加。利用所有可用的诊断方法，早期检测和CV预防策略可以改善患者的预后和生活质量。
