Ye Xueling, Mei Linsen, Gan Zhen, Wang Zhiqiang, Sun Wenjun, Fan Yu, Liu Changying, Wu Qi, Wan Yan, Wu Xiaoyong, Xiang Dabing
Key Laboratory of Coarse Cereal Processing, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Sichuan Engineering & Technology Research Center of Coarse Cereal Industralization, School of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu 610106, China.
Animal Husbandry and Fishery Equipment Research Center, Sichuan Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Chengdu 610066, China.
Plants (Basel). 2025 Feb 1;14(3):423. doi: 10.3390/plants14030423.
Selenium (Se) is an essential trace element for human health, and dietary Se intake is an effective supplement. Rich in nutrients and functional components with potential for Se enrichment, Tartary buckwheat ( (L.) Gaertn.) is a Se-biofortified cereal. To determine the optimal Se treatment concentration and fully understand its effects on Tartary buckwheat, sodium selenite (NaSeO) in different concentrations was sprayed onto leaves of Tartary buckwheat at the initial flowering stage. Agronomic and yield-related traits and Se enrichment were analyzed between CK and treatments. The results showed that NaSeO concentrations of 3.0 and 6.0 mg/L significantly increased the contents of Se and starch in the grains, the 1000-grain weight, the number of grains per plant, and the yield. The 6.0 mg/L treatment had the best effect. Transcriptome and weighted gene co-expression network analyses showed that selenite promoted chlorophyll synthesis and photoelectron transport by upregulating chlorophyll synthase (CHLG) and protein CURVATURE THYLAKOID 1B (CURT1B) levels, improving photosynthesis, increasing sucrose synthesis and transport in leaves and starch synthesis and accumulation in grains, and promoting grain-filling and yield. These changes were regulated by genes related to photosynthesis, sucrose, and starch metabolism-related genes, including , , , , , , and . Selenite absorption in Tartary buckwheat was regulated by aquaporin genes and . Selenite transport was regulated by the inorganic phosphate transporter gene , and organic Se transport was controlled by the proton-dependent oligopeptide transporters NPF3.1 and NPF4.6. Methionine gamma-lyase (MGL) was involved in selenocompound metabolism. This study identified the best spraying scheme for enhancing Se content in the grains. It also revealed the regulatory genes responding to selenite absorption, transport, and metabolism and the regulatory pathways promoting yield in Tartary buckwheat. These results provide technical guidance and theoretical support for producing high-yielding and Se-enriched Tartary buckwheat.
硒（Se）是人体健康必需的微量元素，通过膳食摄入硒是一种有效的补充方式。苦荞麦（(L.) Gaertn.）富含营养成分和具有硒富集潜力的功能成分，是一种富硒谷物。为了确定最佳硒处理浓度并全面了解其对苦荞麦的影响，在苦荞麦初花期向其叶片喷施不同浓度的亚硒酸钠（NaSeO）。分析了对照（CK）和各处理之间的农艺性状、产量相关性状以及硒富集情况。结果表明，3.0和6.0 mg/L的NaSeO浓度显著提高了籽粒中硒和淀粉的含量、千粒重、单株粒数以及产量。6.0 mg/L处理效果最佳。转录组和加权基因共表达网络分析表明，亚硒酸盐通过上调叶绿素合酶（CHLG）和类囊体弯曲蛋白1B（CURT1B）水平促进叶绿素合成和光电子传递，改善光合作用，增加叶片中蔗糖的合成与转运以及籽粒中淀粉的合成与积累，促进籽粒灌浆和产量提高。这些变化受光合作用、蔗糖和淀粉代谢相关基因调控，包括 、 、 、 、 、 和 。苦荞麦中硒的吸收受水通道蛋白基因 和 调控。亚硒酸盐的转运受无机磷酸盐转运蛋白基因 调控，有机硒的转运受质子依赖寡肽转运蛋白NPF3.1和NPF4.6控制。蛋氨酸γ-裂解酶（MGL）参与硒化合物代谢。本研究确定了提高籽粒硒含量的最佳喷施方案。还揭示了苦荞麦中响应亚硒酸盐吸收、转运和代谢的调控基因以及促进产量的调控途径。这些结果为生产高产富硒苦荞麦提供了技术指导和理论支持。
需注意，原文中部分基因名称未给出具体内容，用“ ”表示，翻译时保留原样。
