de Dios-Álvarez Vicente, Padrón-Cabo Alexis, Alkain-Villa Pello, Rey Ezequiel, Castellano Julen
Faculty of Education and Sport Sciences, University of Vigo, Pontevedra, Spain.
Faculty of Physical Activity and Sports Sciences, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), Vitoria-Gasteiz, País Vasco, Spain.
J Hum Kinet. 2024 Dec 6;95:123-138. doi: 10.5114/jhk/189421. eCollection 2025 Jan.
Small-sided games (SSGs) refer to game formats where there are variations in the pitch size, the number of players, and rules as compared to official soccer matches. The purpose of this study was to assess the relationship between GPS-derived external loads and the SSGs' area per player (ApP) in elite youth soccer players to identify whether the ApP influenced GPS-derived external load measures to estimate external load variables from SSGs with different densities (i.e., ApP100: the ApP <150 m•player; ApP200: the ApP ranged from 151 to 250; ApP300: the ApP > 251 m•player). A cumulative count of 978 individual observations was undertaken, encompassing 15 diverse SSG configurations. The results showed moderate and large correlations between the ApP and external load measures for both U19 and U16 soccer players. The ApP300 induced higher locomotor activities than the ApP100 and the ApP200. However, the ApP100 showed higher mechanical (accelerations and decelerations) values compared to ApP200 and ApP300 conditions for both age groups. It was found that an ApP of less than 150 m•player in SSGs did not stimulate enough high-speed distance relative (HSDR), very high-speed distance relative (VHSDR) and sprint distance relative (SDR) compared to official matches in youth soccer players. However, the same ApP overestimated mechanical variables such as total high accelerations and decelerations relative to time (THACCR and THDECR, respectively). The findings of this study have the potential to facilitate the effective management of training loads tailored to specific fitness components of players.
小型比赛（SSGs）是指与正式足球比赛相比，在场地大小、球员数量和规则方面存在差异的比赛形式。本研究的目的是评估精英青少年足球运动员中，基于GPS得出的外部负荷与小型比赛的人均面积（ApP）之间的关系，以确定ApP是否会影响基于GPS得出的外部负荷测量结果，从而根据不同密度的小型比赛（即ApP100：ApP<150平方米/球员；ApP200：ApP范围为151至250；ApP300：ApP>251平方米/球员）来估计外部负荷变量。我们进行了978次个体观察的累计计数，涵盖15种不同的小型比赛配置。结果显示，U19和U16足球运动员的ApP与外部负荷测量结果之间存在中度和高度相关性。ApP300比ApP100和ApP200引发了更高的运动活动。然而，对于两个年龄组而言，与ApP200和ApP300条件相比，ApP100显示出更高的机械（加速和减速）值。研究发现，在青少年足球运动员的小型比赛中，ApP小于150平方米/球员时，与正式比赛相比，无法刺激产生足够的相对高速距离（HSDR）、相对极高速距离（VHSDR）和相对冲刺距离（SDR）。然而，相同的ApP相对于时间高估了机械变量，如总高加速度和总高减速度（分别为THACCR和THDECR）。本研究的结果有可能促进针对球员特定体能成分的训练负荷的有效管理。
