Riboli Andrea, Olthof Sigrid B H, Esposito Fabio, Coratella Giuseppe
Department of Biomedical Sciences for Health, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milan, Italy.
Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Liverpool, UK.
Biol Sport. 2022 Sep;39(3):579-598. doi: 10.5114/biolsport.2022.106388. Epub 2021 Jul 28.
The aim was to determine the area per player (ApP, m × player) in small- or large-sided games to replicate the official match demands in elite youth soccer players. Two hundred and twenty-eight players (U15 = 36, U16 = 48, U17 = 49, U18 = 37 and U19 = 58) were monitored during both training (12 183 individual samples) and matches (683 individual samples) across five seasons. Relative (m × min) total (TD), high-speed running (HSR), very high-speed running (VHSR), sprint and acceleration/deceleration (Acc/Dec) distance were collected. Between-category and between-position comparisons were performed. Area per player was moderately correlated (P < 0.05) with TD (r = 0.401), large (r = 0.621) with HSR, and very largely with VHSR (r = 0.744) and sprint (r = 0.723). An inverse small (r = -0.232; P = 0.039) correlation for Acc/Dec was found. The area per player to replicate the match demands was 158 ± 18, 182 ± 32, 197 ± 37, 212 ± 42 and 156 ± 25 m × player for TD, HSR, VHSR, sprint and Acc/Dec, respectively. Moderate to very large (ES: 0.79 to 4.66) differences in the area per player across metrics were observed, with sprint > VHSR > HSR > TD = Acc/Dec. Trivial to very large (ES: 0.01 to 2.67) between-category differences in area per player across the same metric were found, with U15 and U16 requiring a larger area per player than other age categories. These findings may help practitioners to recreate the desired external load outcomes with regards to positional match-play demands using specific area per player in small- or large-sided games in youth elite soccer players from U15 to U19.
目的是确定在小型或大型比赛中每个球员的活动面积（ApP，平方米/球员），以复制精英青少年足球运动员的正式比赛要求。在五个赛季的训练（12183个个体样本）和比赛（683个个体样本）期间，对228名球员（U15 = 36人、U16 = 48人、U17 = 49人、U18 = 37人、U19 = 58人）进行了监测。收集了相对（米/分钟）总距离（TD）、高速奔跑（HSR）、极高速奔跑（VHSR）、冲刺和加速/减速（Acc/Dec）距离。进行了类别间和位置间的比较。每个球员的活动面积与TD呈中度相关（P < 0.05，r = 0.401），与HSR呈高度相关（r = 0.621），与VHSR（r = 0.744）和冲刺（r = 0.723）呈非常高度相关。发现Acc/Dec存在小的负相关（r = -0.232；P = 0.039）。对于TD、HSR、VHSR、冲刺和Acc/Dec，复制比赛要求的每个球员的活动面积分别为158±18、182±32、197±37、212±42和156±25平方米/球员。观察到各指标间每个球员的活动面积存在中度到非常大（效应量：0.79至4.66）的差异，冲刺>VHSR>HSR>TD = Acc/Dec。在同一指标上，发现类别间每个球员的活动面积存在微小到非常大（效应量：0.01至2.67）的差异，U15和U16的每个球员所需活动面积比其他年龄组更大。这些发现可能有助于从业者在15至19岁的青少年精英足球运动员的小型或大型比赛中，利用每个球员的特定活动面积，根据位置比赛要求重现所需的外部负荷结果。
