Sardão Maíra, Silva Pedro Gabriel
Center for Transdisciplinary Studies for Development, CETRAD, University of Trás-os-Montes and Alto Douro, UTAD, Quinta de Prados, 5000-801, Vila Real, Portugal.
Ambio. 2025 Jun;54(6):947-964. doi: 10.1007/s13280-025-02133-9. Epub 2025 Feb 14.
The increasing complexity of socio-environmental vulnerabilities and inherent challenges have led scholars to study nonlinear systemic societal changes. Approaches to address these challenges range from adaptation to the predominant system, to the reconfiguration of the social and ecological life system. The study identifies the key characteristics, dynamics and contextual features of transformative initiatives and assesses their potential to challenge the dominant system. It also aims to review the studies of alternative non-capitalist experiences across a diverse geographic and cultural contexts. To achieve that purpose, a scoping review of empirical studies published since 2000 was conducted. The 88 cases analysed evidence practices rooted in cooperative and solidarity values. These practices include alternative approaches to production, consumption, and distribution, as well as the sharing of knowledge, experiences, and resources. The studies also point to the need to recreate and reorganise the commons, to change human and non-human interactions, and to achieve self-sufficiency.
社会环境脆弱性的日益复杂以及内在挑战促使学者们研究非线性的系统性社会变革。应对这些挑战的方法多种多样，从适应主导系统到重新构建社会和生态生活系统。该研究确定了变革性举措的关键特征、动态变化和背景特征，并评估了它们挑战主导系统的潜力。它还旨在回顾不同地理和文化背景下替代性非资本主义经验的研究。为实现这一目的，对2000年以来发表的实证研究进行了范围界定审查。分析的88个案例证明了植根于合作与团结价值观的实践。这些实践包括生产、消费和分配的替代方法，以及知识、经验和资源的共享。研究还指出，需要重新创建和重组公地，改变人类与非人类的互动，并实现自给自足。
