Abo-Shanab Walaa A, Elshobary Mostafa E, Czubacka Anna, Diab Rana H
Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, Tanta University, Tanta, 31527, Egypt.
Institute of Soil Science and Plant Cultivation- State Research Institute, Pulawy, Poland.
BMC Plant Biol. 2025 Feb 14;25(1):200. doi: 10.1186/s12870-025-06173-x.
This study investigated the effects of the different concentrations of CaCl (10 and 15 mol m) on the growth, physiology, and cytological characteristics of salt-stressed Vicia faba (L.) seedlings grown under greenhouse conditions.
Salinity stress (150 mol m NaCl) had detrimental effects on all measured growth parameters, increased the micronucleus count number (MCN) by 26.6 micronuclei/1000 cells, decreased the mitotic index (MI) by 66.6%, and caused various chromosomal aberrations, nuclear alterations, and chromatin bridges in salt-stressed seedlings compared to the untreated plant. Nevertheless, the seed priming with CaCl (10 and 15 mol m) significantly alleviated the toxic effects induced by salinity stress, improved growth parameters, total chlorophyll (TChl), proline, and total soluble sugar (TSS) contents in salt-stressed faba bean seedling compared with seedlings germinated from non-primed seeds. The antioxidative system of salt-stressed faba bean was highly stimulated by increasing the activity of catalase (CAT), peroxidase (POD), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes as well as phenolics and flavonoids were increased in all salt-stressed seedlings germinated from seeds primed with CaCl (10 and 15 mol m) indicating an improved tolerance of faba bean plant to salinity stress. Notably, the pretreatment with CaCl (10 mol m) reduced the micronuclei number per 1000 cells by 91.3% and decreased the abnormality index by 58.9% more effectively than CaCl (15 mol m). SDS-PAGE profiling revealed the presence of 16 proteins with different molecular weights, including two peptides, induced by CaCl (10 mol m) in response to salinity stress.
This study showed that 10 mol m CaCl significantly improved salt tolerance in treated faba bean plants mitigating the antagonistic effects of salt stress on several physiological and cytological parameters.
本研究调查了不同浓度的氯化钙（10和15摩尔/立方米）对温室条件下盐胁迫蚕豆（Vicia faba (L.)）幼苗生长、生理和细胞学特征的影响。
盐胁迫（150摩尔/立方米氯化钠）对所有测量的生长参数都有不利影响，使微核计数增加了26.6个微核/1000个细胞，有丝分裂指数降低了66.6%，与未处理的植株相比，盐胁迫幼苗出现了各种染色体畸变、核改变和染色质桥。然而，用氯化钙（10和15摩尔/立方米）进行种子引发显著减轻了盐胁迫诱导的毒性作用，与未引发种子萌发的幼苗相比，改善了盐胁迫蚕豆幼苗的生长参数、总叶绿素（TChl）、脯氨酸和总可溶性糖（TSS）含量。通过提高过氧化氢酶（CAT）、过氧化物酶（POD）和超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）的活性，盐胁迫蚕豆的抗氧化系统受到高度刺激，并且在用氯化钙（10和15摩尔/立方米）引发种子萌发的所有盐胁迫幼苗中，酚类和黄酮类物质增加，这表明蚕豆植株对盐胁迫的耐受性提高。值得注意的是，用氯化钙（10摩尔/立方米）预处理比氯化钙（15摩尔/立方米）更有效地将每1000个细胞中的微核数减少了91.3%，并将异常指数降低了58.9%。SDS-PAGE分析显示，有16种不同分子量的蛋白质存在，包括两种由氯化钙（10摩尔/立方米）响应盐胁迫诱导的肽。
本研究表明，10摩尔/立方米的氯化钙显著提高了处理过的蚕豆植株的耐盐性，减轻了盐胁迫对几个生理和细胞学参数的拮抗作用。
